Dahlias: when to dig and how to store

Content

1 Time to dig up the roots
2 How to properly dig up the roots of dahlias
3 Root treatment before storage
4 Storage conditions
5 Storage methods
6 Outcomes

More than two hundred years ago, dahlias were brought to the European continent from hot Mexico. With their unpretentiousness and amazing beauty of the buds, they conquered a huge number of farmers, as evidenced by the fact that today plants can be seen in almost every garden. A huge number of crop varieties include annuals and perennials, which are thermophilic. Lack of resistance even to the slightest frost does not allow leaving dahlias for the winter in the ground. That is why every year, with the arrival of autumn, you need to dig up the roots of plants and lay them in storage before the onset of warm spring days. You need to store the roots in compliance with certain conditions and rules, which can be found in more detail below in the article.

Time to dig up the roots

For winter storage, the roots of dahlias are dug up in the fall. This general thesis is confusing for many gardeners. The thing is that the autumn period is quite long, and the weather conditions may differ from year to year. For example, early digging of the roots does not allow them to ripen, as a result of which the keeping quality of the tubers deteriorates. Such roots often rot during storage and begin to sprout early. Digging up tubers late, during a period of severe frosts, you can completely lose planting material for the next year. Frozen leaves and stems of dahlias begin to rot quickly and can infect tubers with rot. It is impossible to leave dahlia tubers in the soil after the green mass wilts, since at the slightest warming, the growth of the renewal bud may begin.

Important! Before the first frost, it is recommended to mark all the bushes, since with the arrival of cold weather the leaves and flowers of dahlias change, and it is almost impossible to determine the variety by external signs.

So, when should you dig up dahlias for the winter so as not to harm them? There is, of course, no single recommended date. Depending on the region, this could be the end of September or the beginning of November.

Advice! You need to be guided by the weather: as soon as the first frosty nights broke out, the foliage of the dahlias freezes, changes its color and becomes lethargic.

It is these symptoms that are the basis for digging dahlias. They indicate that the biochemical processes in the plant's body are stopped, and the roots no longer consume nutrients from the soil.

How to properly dig up the roots of dahlias

The roots of dahlias are a variety of thick tubers and thin long roots. Thin roots are intended to feed the tubers and do not retain their viability in the winter, therefore, only the tubers are laid for storage.

When digging up dahlias, you need to remember that the stems next year will be formed from the already existing growth buds. They are located at the bottom of the shoots. Therefore, before digging out the tubers, remove the bush itself, leaving the stems 10-15 cm high.

It is rather difficult to guess what size the roots of dahlias themselves will be, so it is recommended to dig in the root collar of the plant, stepping back 25-30 cm from it in each direction. Gently pulling the roots out of the ground, they need to be shaken off and washed with water.

Important! You cannot drag the roots of dahlias by the aerial part of the plant. The root collar is very fragile and can break.

Root treatment before storage

After initial cleaning, the large roots of the dahlias can be divided. When division each part should have a full-fledged thick tuber and a part of a shoot with a growth bud.Each small piece of roots next year will be able to delight with fresh greens and beautiful flowers.

It is impossible to store damaged and diseased flower tubers. Even a small focus of rot can destroy a large amount of planting material in contact with it during the winter. That is why when we remove dahlias for storage, it is necessary to carefully inspect the tubers and remove dark spots, rotten areas on their surface. After such cleaning, it is imperative to additionally disinfect the planting material.

Important! Thin roots and weakened tubers are removed before storing the planting material.

To disinfect the roots of dahlias, it is necessary to use a fungicide, for example, "Fitosporin-M", "Maxim". The fungicide can be replaced with a manganese solution. For processing, the roots of dahlias are dipped in liquid for 10-15 minutes, after which they are thoroughly dried. Drying temperature should be approximately + 15- + 18⁰C, the duration can be from 2 to 10 hours: the thicker the roots, the longer they need to dry.

Important! Water can accumulate in the cavity of the stems. To remove it, it is recommended to turn the seedlings upside down.

The dahlia digging is demonstrated in the video:

An illustrative example and comments from an experienced gardener will surely help you understand whether it is necessary to dig up plants for the winter and how to do it correctly.

Storage conditions

Dahlia tubers are stored in a cool room, without access to sunlight. In a private country house, this can be a cellar or basement, a cold corridor. The storage temperature should be within + 4 ... + 6⁰C. At elevated air temperatures, dahlia tubers begin to sprout, low temperatures lead to their freezing. By adjusting the temperature in the room, you can influence the life cycles of the plant: if in early spring the bud of renewal of dahlias begins to germinate, then it is necessary to reduce the temperature to +3⁰C. If it is necessary to artificially awaken seedlings for early cultivation, then the temperature must be raised to + 8 ... + 10⁰FROM.

Humidity is an important parameter when storing plant roots. The roots of dahlias in a room with high humidity quickly rot, a low level of humidity dries out the tubers greatly, as a result of which they lose their quality. The optimum humidity level is 60-70%.

Storage methods

If the necessary microclimate parameters are strictly observed in the room, then the roots of dahlias can be stored in wooden or plastic boxes without much cover. In this case, it is necessary to place containers with roots as far away from the stored root crops as they can become a source of infection or "suck" moisture from the tubers.

If the humidity or temperature does not correspond to the recommended parameters, then for the safety of dahlias, containers with non-hygroscopic filler can be used, for example:

River sand is great for storing dahlia tubers. They fill a container with it and lay the roots inside in several layers. The sand does not dry out the tubers or allow them to rot.
Peat is also used to store dahlias, similar to sand.
Sawdust can protect the roots of dahlias from fluctuations in temperature and humidity. Having chosen this filler for storing planting material, you need to make sure that the sawdust is obtained as a result of working with conifers, and their fraction is as large as possible. When placing tubers in sawdust for storage, it is impossible to use sealed plastic bags or buckets with a tight lid as a container.
Clay can be a good protection for dahlias removed from the flower bed during storage. A casing made of this material will reduce the influence of fluctuations in humidity in the room. Before use, the clay must be stirred in water until a homogeneous solution of a thick consistency is obtained. An additional ingredient in the mixture can be a spoonful of copper sulfate.This substance will protect the roots from the harmful effects of microorganisms. Dahlia tubers are dipped into the prepared clay solution and the shell is allowed to dry. This usually takes 2-3 days.
The paraffin coat is also able to protect the tubers from moisture fluctuations. To apply it, you need to grate a few candles or a piece of paraffin and melt in a steam bath. The tubers are dipped into the resulting viscous warm liquid. When cooled, the paraffin quickly solidifies, forming an airtight film on the surface of the planting material. An illustrative example of how to wax dahlia tubers is shown in the video:
Vermiculite has excellent thermal insulation properties and a low level of hygroscopicity. It protects dahlia tubers from temperature and humidity fluctuations, prevents premature root germination. Vermiculite is poured into a container, where dahlia tubers are subsequently laid out in layers. A layer of fine-grained material is also poured over the roots.

Dahlias should be stored in containers with good ventilation. These can be boxes or bags made of breathable material (cardboard, burlap) or open plastic containers. If mice or rats are parasitized in the storage area, the tubers must be protected from them as well. Wood ash is a good form of protection against rodents. It can be poured into sand, sawdust or other filler for storing roots.

Storing dahlia roots in an apartment can be a challenge. The lack of space and the necessary conditions forcing gardeners to regularly come up with new storage methods. So, often containers with roots and filler can be seen on insulated balconies under a shelter in the form of an old blanket or fur coat. At the slightest probability of freezing, containers with filler are placed in room conditions, near the entrance or balcony door. A simpler option for storing roots in an apartment is to place them in a refrigerator. Of course, it is only the farmer himself who decides whether it is necessary to store a large volume of planting material, but the option is especially good when it comes to valuable varieties of culture.

Outcomes

Thus, the question of whether it is necessary to dig up the roots of dahlias can be answered unequivocally: of course, it is. Otherwise, the tubers will die, unable to withstand the low winter temperatures. At the same time, when to dig dahlias and how to store them, each gardener decides on his own, based on the specific situation. All that remains for us is to recommend adhering to the optimal conditions and the given storage methods, recommendations on how to store the tubers.

When to dig dahlias and how to store them