Content
- 1 What does it mean "milky peony"
- 2 Full description of the milk-flowered peony
- 3 Varieties of milk-flowered peonies
- 4 Application in landscape design
- 5 Breeding features
- 6 Planting a milky peony
- 7 Care and cultivation of milk-flowered peonies
- 8 Pests and diseases
- 9 Healing properties of milk-flowered peonies
- 10 Conclusion
- 11 Reviews of lactic-flowered peonies
Milk-flowered peony is a herbaceous perennial. It belongs to the genus Peony and the Peony family. The plant is actively used in landscape design. Most garden peonies originated from this species, and the number of its varieties totals several hundred.
What does it mean "milky peony"
It owes its name to the milky-flowered peony to the white and cream shades of flowers. It was in this range that they were in the wild in the plant and remained in many of its cultivated and hybrid varieties.
In some hybrids, the color turned out to be bright, but they are called all equally lactic-flowered.
Full description of the milk-flowered peony
In the wild, the flower grows mainly in Asia - China, Korea, Mongolia, Japan, the Asian part of Russia. He prefers dry and open rocky slopes, valleys, river banks, bushes. The characteristics of the milky peony are as follows:
- bare grooved stems, height 0.6-1.2 m, they branch at the top;
- pivotal root system, on the rhizomes brown thickenings in the form of spindles;
- active root formation is carried out twice - stage 1 occurs in early spring simultaneously with the growth of shoots, cycle 2 - at the end of August, the process stops in the heat, resuming at 10-15 ° C;
- the length of double-triple leaves is 20-30 cm, the width is almost the same, they are elliptical or lanceolate, more often pointed;
- foliage is dark, rich green;
- the top of the leaf blades is smooth and glossy, the bottom is lighter, rough and not pubescent;
- bracts are leaf-shaped, whole;
- on flower-bearing shoots 3-6, less often 9 buds;
- flowers are large, diameter 8-16 cm;
- petals are white, pink, burgundy, in some varieties red, possibly a blurry spot of bright crimson color at the base;
- stamens of golden yellow color, amount up to 200 pieces;
- on each flower from 5-10 petals;
- flowering occurs in May-June, the timing depends on the variety, which can be early, medium, late,
- fruiting occurs in September;
- leathery-fleshy thick-walled fruit-leaflets of 3-6 pieces are formed, at first straight, then hooked-deviating;
- the seeds of the lactic-flowered peony are oval in shape and brownish-brown or black in color.
There are many varieties of milk-flowered peony, the number of petals in their flowers can differ at times, this creates a great variety in volume and splendor
Milk-flowered peony is resistant to high and low temperatures, their changes. In Russia, it is grown from the latitude of Arkhangelsk and further south. Due to winter hardiness, shelter for the winter is necessary only for young plants in the first year of planting.
The plant is popular for its decorative properties. It has quite lush and beautiful foliage, so the bushes look attractive even outside the flowering period.
What is the difference between a herbaceous peony and a milky-flowered one
Many gardeners are interested in what is the difference between milk-flowered and herbaceous peonies. First you need to understand that there is a whole genus Paeonia. Its representatives are herbaceous or tree-like.According to The Plant List database, the milk-flowered peony is one of 36 species of the Paeonia genus. It is herbaceous along with the medicinal peony (ordinary), evading, narrow-leaved, Crimean.
Varieties of milk-flowered peonies
The number of varieties of milk-flowered peony is estimated in hundreds. This is a variety of shades, different splendor and volume of flowers, hybrid forms. There are some particularly interesting varieties:
- Bowl of Сream is distinguished by its spectacular appearance. The variety was bred in 1963. Height up to 0.8 m, average flowering time. The diameter of the flowers is 18 cm. In addition to the shade of the petals, they are attractive with a magnificent aroma with honey notes. Bowl of Сream is the champion of the US National Show.
The voluminous whitish-cream double flowers of this variety actually resemble bowls of cream, this is how Bowl of Сream literally translates
- Francois Ortegat attracts with deep red flowers. The height of the bushes is up to 1 m, the inflorescences are terry, hemispherical. The diameter of the flowers is up to 14 cm, the aroma is delicate. Abundant flowering, medium terms.
The official presentation of Francois Ortegat took place in France back in 1850, then it was called a heirloom, but whose name was not revealed.
- Blush Queen, bred in 1949, has an interesting coloration. The "Ruddy Queen" is represented by an openwork bush, height 0.8-0.9 m. Large double inflorescences with a diameter of 15 cm with an exquisite aroma. The outer petals are large and wide, cream-colored. The middle layer is yellowish, and the central narrow petals are light pink.
Blush Queen has early flowering times; at the end of the period, the narrow central petals change color to light beige, almost white
- A striking representative of milk-flowered peonies is the Red Charm variety. Many narrow, framed several wide petals create great volume. Semi-double flowers with a diameter of 20-25 cm deep red, do not fade in the sun. The height of the bush is 0.8-0.9 m.
Red Charm has won several exhibitions, the variety is hybrid, it was bred in America in 1944
- The pinkish-cream color of the Coral Beach petals is truly reminiscent of the most beautiful coral beaches. The height of the bush reaches 1 m, the diameter of the flowers is 17-20 cm, the core is creamy yellow. The variety is hybrid.
Coral Beach has 3 buds per stem, so the decorative effect is preserved from the beginning of flowering in mid-May to its end in June.
- Another original variety is Sorbet. It was named Sherbet for its sweet aroma, and was bred in Holland. Height is up to 1 m, diameter of flowers is 18-20 cm. The variety is interesting for its 3-layer structure - alternation of pale pink and creamy white petals.
Sorbet blooms in the first half of June, the peony petals are concave, and a kind of skirt is formed in the middle
- The Yellow variety got its name from its creamy yellow double flowers, beautifully set off by red-orange stamens and dark green carved foliage. The flowering time is average, the height of the bush is 0.7-0.9 m.
Sorbet blooms in the first half of June, the peony petals are concave, and a kind of skirt is formed in the middle
Application in landscape design
The cultivated species of the milky-flowered peony are widely used in landscape design. Volumetric flowers and beautiful foliage look great both in single and in group plantings. Due to the variety of varieties and flowering times, you can create an interesting mix on one flower bed, which will delight you with its decorative effect for up to 2 months.
Single bushes of a lactic-flowered peony allow you to create accents in green spaces
Lush milk-flowered peonies look beautiful by the water. These flowers can be planted at the entrance to the house, next to the gazebos and benches.
Milk-flowered peonies can occupy the entire flower bed and become an excellent center of the flower arrangement.
It is good to plant bushes along garden paths for framing and zoning the site
Milk-flowered peony is effectively combined with fragrant geranium. It should be planted next to white, cream, light pink varieties.Milk-flowered peony also goes well with other flowers: astilbe, godetia, irises, catnip, crocuses, lilies, daffodils, petunias, tulips, phloxes, zinnias.
Milk-flowered peonies can be beautifully framed with asters, heuchera, cuffs, primroses, violets. You can plant flowers of the same scale or play with contrasts.
Milk-flowered peonies can be planted around a tall flower garden; outside of flowering, their foliage will create a beautiful frame, shading their neighbors
Breeding features
Milk-flowered peonies can be propagated in different ways. The most popular option is the division of rhizomes. In the photo of the roots of the milk-flowered peony, it can be seen that the branching is strong. Eyes are laid on them, from which new shoots develop. The bush can be divided when it is 3-4 years old.
The rhizome can disintegrate itself, but more often it must be divided with a sharp knife, the minimum cutting area is important, the number of buds corresponds to the volume of the roots
There are other breeding methods:
- cuttings;
- layering;
- seeds.
Reproduction by cuttings is attracted by the maximum result, but development is slow because flowering is observed only for 5 years. Part of the rhizome with a dormant bud is separated in July, until September it takes root.
Growing a lactic-flowered peony from seeds is preferred by breeders. This is a long process, seedlings may appear only after a year, and flowering will begin in 4-5 years. Seeds are sown in August. The soil should be moist and loose. Freshly harvested material germinates in the spring, while stale material can give results only for 2-3 years.
The seeds of the lactic-flowered peony are buried 5 cm. First, they need a temperature of 15-30 ° C, then 5-10 ° C for 1.5-2 months. Thanks to this treatment, most of the material germinates in the spring, and the rest - after a year.
Planting a milky peony
For the successful cultivation of lactic-flowered peonies, the following conditions are important:
- a lighted place, in the shade there will be no good flowering;
- loamy soil;
- neutral acidity, if the soil is too acidic, then liming will save the situation - 0.25 kg of lime in each planting pit;
- good drainage and aeration, milk-flowered peony does not like waterlogging, damp and waterlogged soil;
- the remoteness of groundwater is at least 0.9 m, otherwise it is necessary to make a high bed or take care of drainage ditches.
If the soil is clay, then peat, sand and humus must be added. Wood ash, sand and organic matter are added to the peat soil. Sandy soil is optimized with peat, humus and clay.
It is better to plan the planting and transplanting at the end of August. They do it like this:
- Dig a square hole with a side of 0.6 m, leave 0.1 m between the plants.
- Organize drainage at the bottom - coarse sand or fine gravel.
- Make a nutrient layer of 0.3 m - 0.3 kg of wood ash, 0.2 kg of superphosphate, 0.1 kg each of lime and potassium sulfate, humus and compost.
- Cover the hole with earth, wait a week.
- Plant bushes, lightly tamp the ground.
Attention! It is impossible to deeply deepen milk-flowered peonies, otherwise the flowering will be poor.
Milk-flowered varieties should be planted no later than mid-September, the plant should have time to get accustomed to frost
Spring planting is not recommended. It is allowed if the material is of high quality. In early spring, it is better to keep a milk-flowered peony in a dark and damp basement in a flowerpot, and in early May, plant it in an open ground with a pot. The bush is placed in a permanent place in the fall.
Care and cultivation of milk-flowered peonies
Agrotechnics of the lactic-flowered peony involves the following stages:
- Regular watering. It should be quite rare, but abundant. In the second half of summer, the plant needs more moisture - 8-10 liters per bush.
- Loosening and weeding.
- Top dressing - carried out 3 times a year. In mid-May, the bushes are fertilized with urea, dissolving 50 g of the product in 10 liters of water.At the beginning of summer, before flowering, they use it, but add micronutrient fertilizers. They are also used for the 3rd time when the peonies will fade. Mineral dressings must be used carefully, since their excess has a bad effect on the development of buds.
When cutting, you must leave at least half of the flowers and 2 lower leaves. The above-ground part of the bush should not be cut off earlier than September. Do this before frost, remove the stems and leaves. Strong foliage can be left, but sheltered for the winter.
Pests and diseases
Some problems can arise when growing milk-flowered peonies. One of them is gray rot. It usually appears in mid-May. The affected plants must be removed and burned, the rest should be sprayed with copper sulfate (50 g per bucket) or garlic infusion (0.1 kg of garlic per 10 l of water).
The cause of gray rot may be too close proximity of bushes, rainy weather, an excess of nitrogen
Another problem of the lactic-flowered peony is spotting. It can be circular (mosaic), brown. The first is manifested in stripes, rings, half-rings of various shapes, light green, yellow-green or yellow on the leaves. Brown spotting occurs in the first half of summer, expressed in large spots of brown, brown or dark purple hues.
For the treatment and prevention of spotting, Bordeaux liquid, Fitosporin-M, copper oxychloride are used, treatments are carried out twice - in the spring and before budding
Another common disease of the lactobacillus peony is rust. Most often after flowering, it is expressed as brown, yellowish-brown or brown spots on the outside of the leaves. To combat the disease, Bordeaux liquid, colloidal sulfur preparations, and a copper-soap solution are used.
With rust, yellowish-brown or orange pads with fungal spores appear on the inside of the leaves
Milk-flowered peonies and pests suffer. Among them, ants are a common problem. They appear on unblown buds and flowers. To combat the pest, poisonous baits, traps, special preparations are used - Karbofos, Intavir, Thunder, Anteater, Kapkan.
Ants damage buds, deform them, carry fungal diseases
Another enemy of the milk-flowered peony is golden bronze. Above, the beetle is golden-green, and the belly is copper-red. Collect pests by hand. This should be done early in the morning.
The size of the golden bronze reaches 1.8-2.3 cm, the beetle feeds on petals, stamens, pistils, the edges of young leaves
Milk-flowered peonies and thrips are harmful. They are very small in size, the pest survives the winter well. It is necessary to deal with it with a solution of karbofos (0.2%), tincture of yarrow, dandelion.
Thrips feed on plant juices of lactic-flowered peonies, they cause special harm during the budding period
Milk-flowered peonies are also harmed by root nematodes. Plants damaged by these worms must be destroyed, they can no longer be saved. After this measure, disinfection of the earth is necessary.
When infested with nematodes, swollen nodes appear on the roots of a lactic-flowered peony, the pest lives inside them
Healing properties of milk-flowered peonies
Milk-flowered peony has medicinal properties. It is used in folk, Japanese, traditional Chinese medicine. The benefits of the plant are largely due to the pioniflorin in its composition. The healing properties are as follows:
- decrease in temperature;
- relieving pain, spasms;
- strengthening the immune system;
- stopping bleeding;
- prevention of coronary heart disease, dementia;
- elimination of pigmentation, acne;
- positive effect on the cardiovascular system, prevention of its pathologies.
Conclusion
Milk-flowered peony is a herbaceous perennial cultivated for several centuries.There are many varieties of it in various shades, shapes and sizes of petals. Milk-flowered peony is used in landscape design, and its healing properties have found application in folk and oriental medicine. Growing a plant is easy if you follow certain rules.
