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Energy sources such as coal and wood are still quite popular today. Wood stoves are installed in many homes. Firewood is also used for heating fireplaces and boilers. Most of the owners of their own plots chop wood by hand, with an ax. However, there is also a more modern option - the use of a wood splitter. Such a unit simplifies wood splitting and reduces time costs.
To figure out how to design a wood splitter with your own hands, you should familiarize yourself with the drawings of the device and view a few photos of finished products.
How to choose a wood splitter
When choosing a wood splitter that will be used for domestic needs, you should decide what amount of work you will have to face. It depends on what design the product will be. The first question that arises before the owner of a country house is: buy a factory one or assemble a device with your own hands?
In the case of a purchased product, you will have to shell out a lot. For self-assembly, you will need to prepare a set of tools and the necessary materials. However, when choosing this option, you can get by with a minimum of costs.
Types of wood splitters
To understand how different wood splitters work and work, you need to understand their types. This will help you understand the instructions and the product diagram. There are different classifications of such devices. You can assemble a wood splitter with your own hands using video instructions or a drawing.
An important characteristic of the wood splitter is the position of the chocks. It can be:
- Horizontal - the logs are laid on the bed. Then they move to the cutting tool or it itself moves in the direction of the log.
- Vertical - the knife is placed over the log, which allows splitting the material from above. With this design of the wood splitter, the chock must be fixed.
It can be argued that the efficiency of horizontal products is less than that of vertical ones. However, each device has certain operating characteristics. Separate designs and drive:
- Diesel or gasoline. This type of device is the most common. The main advantage of the products is complete autonomy.
- The wood splitter is mechanical. It is very durable and reliable. They are mainly used for short-term work.
- On the electric motor. These wood splitters are stationary products. They are convenient, but average performance.
What shape the cleaver is made of also matters. This indicator also refers to the main parameters of the product. Splitters can be tapered or cruciform. In the latter case, the wood is split into 4 pieces. This is quite convenient if they are used for loading into the boiler shaft. However, splitting firewood with such a device will take a lot of effort.
More popular are products with cone-shaped cleavers. You can design a wood splitter with your own hands very quickly.
Features of products with a cone-shaped working part
The cleaver, which is made in a conical shape, may have a thread. It is used in electrical and diesel wood splitters.Its advantage is the fact that the logs are split using the rotational movements of the tip. The cleaver is twisted into a log. For this reason, it does not take much effort to split the workpiece.
In models that run on electricity and gasoline, a cone-shaped cleaver is usually used. If you want to design a homemade screw log splitter, you will need to create a drawing. During work, it is better to follow the instructions prepared in advance. Before you create a wood splitter with your own hands, you need to know its device.
Such an assembly is made up of several parts:
- Motor. It can run on fuel or electricity. To ensure the efficiency of the device, the motor must have a power of 1.5 kW. In this case, the voltage should be equal to 380 V.
- Stanina. This part is a table with legs. Firewood is placed on it. An engine is installed under the bed.
- Reducer. It serves to regulate the number of revolutions of the motor.
When assembling the device, consider its design. The advantage of such a product is the low cost of manufacture. Usually wood splitters with a cone-shaped cleaver are created for domestic purposes.
Hydraulic wood splitters
Hydraulic-type models have one indisputable advantage - they allow you to chop quite large volumes of firewood in relatively short periods of time. The cleaver in such a device is located on the stock.
When creating a hydraulic log splitter, there are several things to consider:
- how the log is located;
- motor power;
- the force with which the log splits;
- allowable log size.
The assembly of a hydraulic wood splitter is more complicated than a cone one. However, the performance indicators of such devices are much higher.
Thanks to the drawings of the wood splitter, you can understand on what principle it works. Assembling such devices at home is a fairly straightforward exercise. To figure out how to make a wood splitter with your own hands, you will need to study a device of a certain type of design.
Rack wood splitters
They were so named for the fact that the cleaver is attached to the rail. The log splits when you press the handle, which is located in the wood splitter. In this case, the gears clutch, and then the rack begins to move towards the log. As a result, the chock splits into several parts.
Homemade rack and pinion wood splitters are characterized by the following parameters:
- cleaver shape;
- minimum log size;
- splitting force of the workpiece.
Rack structures are often factory assembled. However, such devices are much more expensive than do-it-yourself ones.
Assembling the wood splitter
In a domestic environment, assembling a wood splitter with your own hands is not difficult. To do this, you will need to prepare certain tools and materials. In the case of different types of products, you will need to take into account their features.
Screw products
To assemble a screw product, you will need to purchase a cone-shaped cleaver, a gearbox and a bed. The last element can be independently constructed from sheet steel and metal corners. You can assemble a wood splitter with an engine with your own hands pretty quickly if you follow the instructions.
First, a motor and a gearbox are installed on the bed. Then a cone is put on the shaft, and the shaft is connected to the gearbox. During the assembly of such a device, it is necessary to consider:
- The nozzle must not be attached directly to the engine.
- If you have no experience with electrical equipment, you should seek the help of a specialist.
- The belt drive must be covered with a cover.
- The shaft should rotate at 250 rpm.
Taking into account such features, it will be much easier to assemble a screw log splitter. To figure out how to make a wood splitter, you should get acquainted with the features of its design and operation.
Assembling the hydraulic product
It is a little more difficult to design a homemade hydraulic type log splitter. This is due to the presence of a hydraulic unit. Before starting work, you should buy a hydraulic cylinder, as well as a pump and motor for it.
After that, the hydraulic part is installed on the frame. Before starting work, you should evaluate how economically beneficial it will be to create such a unit.
findings
You can not only design a wood splitter yourself, but also purchase it in a store. The main difference between such devices will be the price. The main advantage of the wood splitters sold in the store is the saving of time and effort.
A video of assembling a wood splitter with your own hands is presented below:
