Content
One wise parable says that if you do not sharpen the instrument, then you will have to apply more strength to complete the deed. This applies to many areas of production. But there is one that takes a lot of time and effort - preparation of firewood... Those who use stove heating or solid fuel boilers know how tiring it is. To alleviate the situation, many decided to purchase a hydraulic wood splitter. This device is ready to do almost all the work for you. There are a large number of models on sale, and you can also assemble it yourself. How to make the right choice when buying and schemes for assembly will be discussed in this article.
Wood splitter device
Those who already have a wood splitter in their arsenal were able to make sure of its effectiveness. Simply put, the hydraulic wood splitter is assembled on three main units:
- wood splitter frame;
- engine;
- hydraulic unit;
- cleaver.
According to the type of fuel used for the engines of the hydraulic wood splitter, electric and gasoline units are distinguished. Electric - most often used in everyday life. The power of such products is within 3 kW. Their advantage is the absence of harmful emissions and low sound pressure during operation. He also does not require specific maintenance. If desired, an electric hydraulic log splitter can be used on the road, but you will have to get a generator with sufficient power. Professional models of hydraulic wood splitter are equipped with gasoline engines. They are more mobile, so it is easy to take them with you directly to the forest or forest belt for harvesting work.
The frame is the basis of the entire construction of the hydraulic log splitter. It is made of steel with sufficient thickness. Wheels are often attached to it for ease of movement. It also houses a hydraulic unit. It is a small device that converts rotational movements into translational ones. It includes a gearbox and an oil pump. It is designed to reduce the number of revolutions to the required one. The increased force is transferred to the splitter of the hydraulic wood splitter. This is a metal plate with a tapered tip, which chops the logs.
Varieties of wood splitters
In addition to the difference in engines, wood splitters also have several ways to implement the frame structure. Among them are:
- horizontal;
- vertical;
- variable.
The horizontal frame of the wood splitter is the most used. Most often, in such a wood splitter, the cleaver does not move towards the log, but, on the contrary, the feed mechanism pushes the workpiece until it splits completely. Hydraulic wood splitters with a vertical bed are somewhat more convenient than horizontal ones, since you do not have to raise the workpiece to any height, but simply put it on a stand. The knife moves from top to bottom here. This type of wood splitter requires more scrupulous compliance with security measures. Variable bed wood splitters are the most versatile. They have the smallest restrictions on the length and width of the logs, since the workpiece can be processed in several planes at once. For home use, such a unit is not suitable, since it is more often designed for industrial use.
What to look for when choosing
Hydraulic wood splitters are safer and more reliable than their direct drive counterparts. The difference lies in the way you react to stubborn logs. If the motor continues to rotate in a device with a direct drive when the cleaver is jammed, this will inevitably lead to failure not only of the windings, but also of the gearbox. The situation is different in hydraulic devices. As soon as the force exceeds the permissible, a stop occurs without harming the central unit. Before purchasing a device, you should think about what exactly it will be used for. There is no point in overpaying for an industrial design if it will be used for procurement at home. When buying, you should pay attention to:
- engine type and power;
- frame material;
- frame metal thickness;
- quality of welded seams;
- maximum mass of effort;
- parameters of the processed logs;
- cylinder stroke length;
- the length of the knife of the hydraulic wood splitter;
- the speed of the rod movement.
Performance will directly depend on the engine power of the hydraulic wood splitter and its power source. If you expect good performance, then there is no point in buying a device with a power less than 2 kW. Pay attention to the assembly of the motor itself and ask the seller what the windings are made of. Copper is considered a quality option. Inspect the bed carefully before purchasing. It is better if it is made of a channel or corner with a metal thickness of at least 3 mm. Pay attention to the quality of the welds, if any. There should be no chips or cracks in them. Otherwise, it could result in injuries.
The more pressure the wood splitter hydraulic system is able to exert, the greater the force will be, which means that hard woods and those with a large number of knots will not create any particular problems. It is worth taking a device in which a good power reserve, and also the height of the knife is regulated. It will give you the opportunity not to limit yourself in your choice, and also not to bother with finer cutting of trunks. Stem speed is often referred to as cycle time. The less time it is, the faster it will be possible to cope with a mountain of firewood.
Self assembly
The purchase of a ready-made hydraulic wood splitter will cost the future owner from 15 thousand rubles. Not everyone is ready to shell out that amount for a device that will be needed once a year. Therefore, if you wish, you can assemble it with your own hands according to ready-made drawings, while a hydraulic wood splitter will cost half the price. But this will require the skill of working with a power tool and a welding machine. For the whole process you will need:
- Bulgarian;
- welding machine;
- roulette;
- drill with high torque.
The first step is to assemble the frame for the hydraulic wood splitter. As a basis for a hydraulic wood splitter, an I-channel with a side width of 40 mm is suitable. The length of the hydraulic wood splitter can be adjusted to suit your needs. With the help of a welding machine, a wheel pair is welded to the channel. For this, a metal pipe is used, in which an axle is placed for fastening the wheels. It is held in place by spacers made of a square measuring 20 × 10 mm. A better design of a hydraulic wood splitter can be seen in the photo. All seams are welded well to withstand the load.
A hydraulic wood splitter will not do without a special cylinder that will act as a pusher. It can be purchased for dismantling from an old tractor. The one used in the bucket design or for the trailed system will do.
Two squares are cut out of sheet metal to secure it to the frame of the hydraulic log splitter. They must be 8 cm higher than the height of the hydraulic cylinder. A hole is drilled in the center of each workpiece. Its diameter must match that of the cylinder body.The strips are welded into place and the cylinder is secured with a bushing. More details can be seen in the photo.
The module of the hydraulic wood splitter, which will move the log, is made according to a similar pattern, but guides are made in the lower bar so that it moves only along the frame of the hydraulic wood splitter and does not skew with great effort. Pay attention to this node in the photo.
Alternatively, the design of the hydraulic wood splitter will use an electric motor with a power of 7.5 kW for three phases. In the following photos, you can see the junction to the pump, and the method of attaching the pump itself to the frame.
The hydraulic converter can be used from a mini-tractor, which was originally designed for use with a heavy attachment. With the help of high pressure hoses, all components are connected to each other.
You will need a tank to keep the system with enough oil. You can use it ready-made or make it yourself, as in this case. The volume of the container is 66 liters. The dimensions of its walls are 60 × 50 × 22 cm. The seams are well welded.
A ½ "hole is made at the top for the automatic relief valve, on the side for filling oil, and at the bottom there is a ½" outlet to the hydraulic system, where the valve is mounted. Then it can be installed in the wood splitter and connected to the hydraulic pump.
Further, the wiring of the electrical part is done through the starter, since the motor is designed for 3 phases. All wires are selected for the required cross-section.
As a cleaver, two perpendicularly welded and sharpened plates are used. Good metal in the plowshares from the tractor hitch. Such a product will last as long as possible. Alternatively, you can make 8 knives for more chopping. The result is in the photo below.
In order to prevent the log from rolling off the wood splitter, additional holders can be made on the sides of the frame. They are welded to the angles at an angle. They can be seen in the photo with a general view of the finished version.
The assembly diagram is provided as a general guide. In each case, you can use the components that are easiest to find in your area. Instead of an electric motor through a gearbox, it is easy to use a gasoline one. The automatic firewood feeder can be eliminated to simplify the overall structure and reduce costs. There is also the option to assemble a manual hydraulic log splitter. An ordinary 10 ton jack is suitable for this. A detailed diagram will be given below.
The video shows the work of the wood splitter with the engine, which was manufactured according to the instructions. Such an adaptation allows you to save time, which you can then spend with your family and loved ones.
Output
The main thing is to understand the principle of its functioning when assembling a hydraulic wood splitter. With the right approach, what might seem unnecessary will work as a future rack or part for a wood splitter. The main thing is to connect imagination and logical thinking.
