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A mini-tractor is a very necessary equipment in the economy and in production. However, without attachments, the efficiency of the unit is reduced to zero. This technique can only move. Most often, attachments for mini-tractors are used factory-made, but there are also home-made designs.
General overview of prefabricated equipment
Mini tractors work in all industries, but most of all they are in demand in agriculture. This is taken into account by the manufacturer, therefore, most of the attachment mechanisms are designed for soil cultivation, caring for animals and plantations, as well as planting and harvesting operations. To connect most of the equipment, a three-point hitch is installed on a mini-tractor, but there is also a two-point version.
Equipment for preparing soil for planting work
The plow is responsible for preparing the soil. A mini-tractor with attachments of different designs is working. One- and double-furrow plows used with equipment with a capacity of up to 30 liters. from. Their plowing depth is adjustable from 20 to 25 cm. If the unit is equipped with an engine of more than 35 liters. with., then you can pick up a four-body plow, for example, model 1L-420. The plowing depth is already increasing to 27 cm. Such models are called reversible or plow-moldboard and are most often used by private owners for summer cottages.
There are also disc plows used for heavy soils and virgin lands. In farms, soil preparation can be carried out with rotary models.
Before planting work, the soil must be prepared. Disc harrows are responsible for this front of work. Depending on the design, their weight is in the range of 200–650 kg, and the ground coverage is from 1 to 2.7 m. Different models differ in the number of discs, as well as in the harrowing depth. For example, 1BQX 1.1 or BT-4 cultivate land up to 15 cm deep.
Planting equipment
This type of trailing mechanism includes potato planters. There are one- and two-row models with different tank volumes for planting tubers. The potato planter itself cuts the furrow, throws the potatoes at an equal distance, and then rakes them with soil next. All this is done while the mini-tractor is moving across the field. As an example, we can take the UB-2 and DtZ-2.1 models. Planters are suitable for domestic and Japanese equipment with a capacity of 24 hp. from. The equipment weighs within 180 kg.
Plant maintenance equipment
For tedding, as well as raking hay into rolls, a rake is hooked to the mini-tractor. Such equipment is more in demand by farmers and private owners, who have large areas for haymaking. The tedding rake is produced in various modifications. To a mini-tractor with a power of 12 hp and more. model 9 GL or 3.1G will do. The equipment is characterized by a band width of 1.4–3.1 m and a weight of 22 to 60 kg.
Cultivators clear the field of weeds, loosen the soil, remove the roots of unnecessary vegetation.The equipment is used after planting germination and during the entire period of their growth. Of the common models, KU-3-70 and KU-3.0 can be distinguished.
Mounted sprayers help control crop pests in the fields and in the garden. The models SW-300 and SW-800, produced by the Polish manufacturer, are universal. The equipment is suitable for any model of mini-tractors. At a liquid solution flow rate of 120 l / min, up to 14 m of the treated area is covered with a jet.
Harvesting equipment
This type of equipment includes potato diggers. Conveyor and vibration models are mainly used. For a homemade mini-tractor, diggers are often made on their own. The easiest to manufacture is the fan design. There are also drum-type and horse-drawn diggers. From the factory-made models, DtZ-1 and WB-235 can be distinguished. Any potato diggers are connected to the rear hitch of the tractor.
Other types of factory-made equipment
This category includes mechanisms that are rarely used in the agricultural industry. Most often they are in demand at the construction site, as well as by utilities.
The blade is connected to the front hitch of the tractor. It is needed for leveling the soil, cleaning the area from debris and snow. When cleaning roads, the blade is usually used in conjunction with a rotary brush attached to the rear hitch of a mini tractor.
The bucket is a kind of mounted excavator for a mini-tractor, which is designed for excavation work. A small bucket is convenient for digging trenches for laying communications or small pits. The mounted excavator has its own hydraulic valve. To connect to a mini-tractor, a three-point hitch is required.
Front-end loader or in other words KUHN is often used in warehouses and granaries. From the name it is already clear that the mechanism was created to carry out loading operations. To prevent the light tractor from overturning under the weight of the KUHN with the load, a counterweight is attached to the rear hitch.
The price of prefabricated equipment is quite high. It all depends on the manufacturer, model and other factors. Let's say the cost of a plow varies from 2.4 to 36 thousand rubles. The harrow will cost from 16 to 60 thousand rubles, and potato planters from 15 to 32 thousand rubles. Such high cost encourages enterprising private traders to make the necessary devices with their own hands. The easiest way is to make a homemade hitch, which we will talk about now.
Types of weights and independent production of a three-point structure
A do-it-yourself hinge for a mini-tractor is made from a steel profile by welding. But before doing this, you need to understand the essence of the design. The hitch is needed to connect the tractor's implements. There are models of seeders and mowers for which the attachment provides the transfer of motor power.
The three-point hitch is made movable in two planes: vertically and horizontally. The hydraulic drive is usually only fitted to the front linkage. Now let's talk about the design. Almost all agricultural equipment is connected to a three-point hitch. An exception may be a mini-tractor on a caterpillar track or with a broken frame. Such a technique can be equipped with a universal hitch, which, when working with a plow, transforms and becomes two-point.
The three-point homemade hitch is a triangle welded from a steel profile. The mobility of the connection to the tractor is ensured by the central screw. An example of a homemade hinge can be seen in the photo.
Independent manufacture of attachments
Most of the attachments for gardening care are made by craftsmen themselves. These are mainly potato planters and diggers. It is more difficult to make a plow, since you need to bend the share at the right angle.
It's easier to cook KUHN yourself. For the bucket, 6 mm sheet steel is used.Attach the forklift to racks made of 100 mm steel pipe. The rods for connecting to hydraulics are made from a pipe with a diameter of 50 mm.
The blade is considered to be quite easy to manufacture. It can be cut from a steel pipe with a minimum cross-sectional radius of 70 cm. It is advisable to take at least 8 mm of metal thickness, otherwise the blade will bend under load. To connect the equipment to the hitch, an A-shaped structure is welded. It can be reinforced with longitudinal elements.
The video shows ideas for making a potato planter:
When making any design yourself, you need not overdo it with dimensions. Otherwise, it will be difficult for the mini-tractor to lift a heavy KUHN or drag a planter with a lot of potatoes in the hopper.
