Rosehip (rose) wrinkled (rosa rugosa): where it grows, varieties, edible or not, reproduction, care, medical use, photo

Rosehip rugose is a beautiful plant, represented by many varieties. Before landing on the site, you need to study its features and requirements.

Botanical description of wrinkled rosehip

Rosa rugosa is a perennial shrub from the Rose family. It has straight, thick shoots and often forms dense thickets. Old branches are lignified, brown, and young flowering branches are green, with pubescence and abundant thorns. The leaves are arranged in regular order on the petioles, have an oval-elongated or elongated-elliptical shape, they are serrated along the edge. In the photo of wrinkled rose hips, it can be seen that the plates have a relief surface.

On average, wrinkled rose hips rise to 2.5 m in height

In June and July, the plant brings single or single or double-type buds collected in compact inflorescences. The shade, depending on the variety, can be white, red, pink or yellow. With good care and in a favorable climate, it blooms again in September or October. By autumn, it bears fruits - fleshy, red or bright orange, flattened-spherical.

Edible or not wrinkled rosehip

The berries of the wrinkled rose hips are suitable for human consumption. They contain a large amount of vitamins, many varieties have a pleasant taste. On the basis of fruits, teas and compotes, jam and preserves, marmalade are prepared.

Where does the wrinkled rosehip grow

In its natural form, the culture is widespread in Japan, China and Korea, as well as in the Far East in Russia. Rugosa rose naturalized in Europe and North America, Australia and New Zealand. Prefers coastal regions, tolerates clay soils and loams, as well as sandstones.

Rosehip varieties

The wrinkled rosehip is especially popular as an ornamental plant. On its basis, many hybrid varieties with spectacular flowering have been bred.

Conrad Ferdinand Meyer

Hybrid variety Konrad Ferdinand Meyer rises up to 2.5 m above the ground and spreads 1.5 m wide. Shoots of wrinkled rose hips of the weaving type, flowers are large, pink, with petals bending at the edges. During the decorative period, it emits a rich sweet aroma, the leaves of the bush are light green.

Konrad Ferdinand Meyer is susceptible to rust and powdery mildew and requires careful maintenance

Moje Hammarberg

The compact rose rugosa rises only 50 cm above the ground. It has large wrinkled leaves of a bright green hue, brings pink-purple flowers up to 9 cm in diameter.It is characterized by high cold resistance.

Rose rugoza Moe Hammerberg emits a strong scent

Grootendorst

Hybrid wrinkled rose hips are distinguished by very abundant flowering - large crimson-red brushes are formed on the shoots. Each consists of an average of ten buds, and in structure they resemble a carnation due to the heavily cut edge. The flowers are small in size, only 3-4 cm.

Rosehip Grootendorst grows up to 1.5 m

Rugelda

The varietal wrinkled rosehip grows up to 1.7 m, has thick thorny shoots and is rarely affected by diseases and insects. At the beginning of summer, reddish buds form on the branches, which subsequently open up with yellow double-type flowers.

Rugeld's rose hips bloom in clusters of 5-20 individual flowers

Kaiserin des Nordens

The wrinkled rose hips bloom in early summer and can remain decorative until late fall. Brings large, up to 12 cm in diameter, double flowers of a wine-red hue. It emits a strong aroma, produces healthy edible fruits.

An adult Kaiserin des Nordens bush can have about fifty flowers

Rubra

The variety of wrinkled rose hips up to 2.5 m tall blooms with large pink-crimson buds from June to September. Since August, it bears bright red globular fruits up to 2.5 cm in diameter. Differs in high frost resistance and drought tolerance.

Rose rugoza Rubra can bloom again in autumn

Alba

Hybrid variety up to 2 m above ground level blooms in the middle of summer and remains decorative for a month. Inflorescences of wrinkled rose hips are light pink or white, up to 8 cm wide, look very beautiful against a background of bright greenery.

Rose rugoza Alba does not bear fruit

Pink noz Klauds

The bright pink wrinkled rose hips bloom into beautiful semi-double flowers with a spicy strong aroma. As the buds wilt, they turn pale and become creamy. The period of decorativeness begins at the end of June, flowers are collected in brushes.

Rosehip Pink noz Clouds can tolerate frosts down to -40 ° С

Hansa

One of the most popular wrinkled varieties up to 2 m high is distinguished by double red-lilac flowers. It blooms in early summer and remains decorative until late autumn, forms dense thickets and is often used for hedges.

Hans' wrinkled rose hips bears large vitamin fruits

Charles Albanel

A hybrid of wrinkled rose hips with double pink flowers blooms in June. The buds on the shoots of the plant are collected in brushes of 3-7 pieces. The variety grows well in width, rarely suffers from pests and diseases. Fruits in large, rounded berries.

Rosehip Charles Albanel is suitable for growing in cold regions

Jens Munk

The frost-resistant hybrid of wrinkled rose hips blooms in waves throughout the summer and into late autumn. Cup-shaped pink buds look beautiful against the background of embossed bright green leaves. The species is resistant to major ailments, lends itself well to vegetative reproduction.

Rose Rugosa Jenz Munch grows to 1.2 m

The chemical composition and use of wrinkled rosehip

The wrinkled rosehip is in demand among gardeners, not only because of its beautiful flowering. The fruits and green parts of the plant contain a large amount of valuable substances. They include:

B vitamins;
vitamin C;
potassium, magnesium and fluorine;
vitamins K and PP;
citric and malic acids;
pectins;
manganese, copper and zinc;
chromium and iron;
calcium;
tannins;
tocopherol;
cellulose.

Due to its rich composition, rugosa rose is widely used in folk recipes.

Medical Uses of Rose Hips

For treatment, not only the fruits of the wrinkled rosehip are used, but also its leaves, flowers, young shoots and roots. Rose rugosa has a pronounced beneficial effect on the body.Namely:

stops diarrhea due to its strong astringent properties;
helps fight inflammation and colds;
has a mild analgesic effect;
relieves vascular spasms and helps with migraines;
lowers blood pressure and is beneficial for hypertension;
removes excess fluids from the body, eliminates edema and improves kidney function;
eliminates bacterial processes in the throat and oral cavity;
promotes healing of the gums during periodontal disease;
stimulates immunity and strengthens the body against viruses and infections in the autumn;
improves blood counts and restores strength after long illnesses and operations.

Wrinkled rosehip is used to speed up digestive processes and to prevent cancer. Plant-based products have a beneficial effect on the condition of the hair, help get rid of acne and blackheads on the skin, and have a rejuvenating effect.

Features of planting and caring for wrinkled rose hips

Rugosa park rose, or wrinkled wild rose, does not impose particularly strict requirements on growing conditions. To successfully plant a shrub on a site, you only need to know the basic rules.

Planting site and soil requirements

Wrinkled rose hips prefer well-lit areas of the garden. It is best to locate the shrub on the south side on a light hill. The root system of the wrinkled rose hips lies quite deep, so it should be planted far from groundwater. The soil should be saturated with humus; loam and sandy loam with a neutral acidity level are optimal for the plant.

Important! It is recommended to plant wrinkled rose hips in the autumn, shortly before the cold weather or in the spring before the start of the active growing season.

How to plant correctly

Before planting in the selected area for the wrinkled rose bush, prepare the soil:

The soil is dug up and fertilized with organic matter and minerals - 1 m²it is necessary to add 10 kg of peat or humus, 50 g of potassium salt and 10 g of superphosphate.
Prepared mixed soil is poured halfway into the planting pit about 50x50 cm, and a little peat and coarse sand are also added.
The seedlings are pre-soaked in water and a clay mash, after which they are immersed in a hole, deepening the root collar to 8 cm, and covered with the rest of the soil.

Immediately after planting, wrinkled rose hips require abundant watering and mulching. When planting several shrubs at once, gaps of 1.5 m are left between them.

For quick engraftment, the aerial part of the dog rose should be cut to 1/3 of the length of the shoots.

When and how to fertilize

In the first two years after planting on the site, the wrinkled dog rose does not need feeding. In the third season, it can be fertilized with nitrogen - usually urea is added at the rate of 20 g per 1 m².

After entering the fruiting period, the shrub begins to be fed with potassium and phosphorus. In autumn, 50 g of superphosphate and 20 g of potassium salt are added to the soil.

Advice! Before the onset of winter, peat or compost can be scattered in the trunk circle. This will insulate the plant and deliver nutrients to its roots.

Disease and pest control

Rugosa rose is resistant to diseases and pests, but can suffer from some ailments with poor quality care. Fungi are dangerous for culture:

rust - orange spots appear on the leaves and young stems, similar to pads;
Rust of wrinkled spines especially often develops with waterlogging
powdery mildew - a dry whitish bloom appears on the leaves;
Under the influence of powdery mildew, the processes of photosynthesis of wrinkled rose hips are disrupted
black spot - the leaves of the plant are covered with dark, uneven marks;
As the black spot develops, the marks turn into necrotic patches and holes

Treatment of diseases of wrinkled rose hips is carried out with Bordeaux liquid, copper sulfate and Fundazol.Spraying is performed several times per season at intervals of 2-3 weeks, all affected shoots are pre-pruned.

Of the pests on wrinkled rose hips, you can most often notice:

spider mite - the insect entangles the shoots with a thin cobweb and usually appears during a drought;
A good prevention of spider mites is regular spraying along the crown.
leaf roll - under the influence of an insect, the plates of a wrinkled rosehip are deformed and folded;
The danger to the dog rose is not the leafworm itself, but its caterpillars.
rose sawfly - the insect attacks leaves and young shoots, weakens the culture and interferes with its development.
The sawfly lays eggs under the bark of young rose hips

In the fight against pests for wrinkled rose hips, insecticidal and acaricidal preparations are used - Karbofos, Rogor, Actellik and others. You can also process the shrub with soapy water and kerosene diluted with plenty of water. Spraying is performed 3-4 times per season from early spring to the beginning of fruit setting.

Preparing for winter

Rugosa rose has good frost resistance. Most varieties do not require thorough winter cover. However, it is still necessary to take care of the warming of the roots - shortly before the cold weather, the trunk circle of the shrub is abundantly mulched with humus or peat and covered with dry straw. It is recommended to cover the crown of wrinkled rose hips with lutrasil or burlap for up to three years.

Attention! In the fall, after harvesting the fruits, it is necessary to carry out sanitary pruning for the crop. During it, all diseased and dry branches are removed.

Reproduction of wrinkled rosehip

At the site, wrinkled rose hips are propagated in three main ways:

Green cuttings. In late June or early July, shoots about 10-15 cm long with three nodes are cut from an adult bush. The lower cut is made at an acute angle, the cutting is placed in a growth stimulator solution for a day. After that, the shoot can be immediately rooted in the ground - until autumn it will take root on the site.
Green cuttings are planted first in a school and transferred to a permanent place after a year
Root shoots. The wrinkled rose hips produce abundant daughter shoots in the lower part that can be used for propagation. A healthy offspring about 40 cm long is dug up along with a part of the root and immediately planted in a new place.
Rosehip offshoots can also be huddled up to the formation of their own roots and separated after a year.
By dividing the bush. If an adult rugosa rose has grown strongly, it can be cut into several parts along the rhizome with a sharp shovel. The sections are sprinkled with ash or crushed coal and, according to the standard algorithm, the cuttings are seated in separate wells.
It is recommended to propagate by dividing bushes at the age of 5-6 yearsIt is recommended to propagate by dividing bushes at the age of 5-6 years

Attention! Seeds of wrinkled rosehip are rarely propagated, since hybrid plants in such cases do not retain varietal characteristics.

Collection and procurement

For medicinal purposes, you can collect any part of the wrinkled rose hips. The fruits are of the greatest value, they are harvested as they ripen, from August to the end of October. You need to pick bright red, but dense berries from the branches, without waiting for them to darken and soften. The fruits are consumed fresh, used for making compotes and preserves, and also dried - both in the air and in an oven or dryer at a temperature of about 60 ° C.

The buds and leaves of the wrinkled rose hips are harvested during the flowering period of the culture. For medicinal use, they also need to be dried under a canopy or in the oven. But in the latter case, the temperature is set to only about 45 ° C in order to preserve the maximum of valuable components in the medicinal raw materials.

The roots of the wrinkled rose hips must be dug out while the plant is dormant - in late autumn or early spring.The collected raw materials are washed from the remnants of the earth and dried, having previously cut into pieces of 8-10 cm.

Store any parts of the medicinal plant in low humidity and away from sunlight. It is best to put the wrinkled rose hips in paper bags or linen bags and put them in the closet. The raw material retains its benefits for two years, and the roots of the rugose rose can be used for treatment for three years.

Possible harm from wrinkled rosehip

The wrinkled rosehip Rosa rugosa is able to bring not only benefits, but also harm. You cannot use the fruits of the plant and medicines based on it:

with inflammatory diseases of the myocardium;
with chronic hypotension;
with exacerbation of peptic ulcer and pancreatitis;
with an excess of vitamin C in the body;
with individual allergies;
with a tendency to thrombosis;
with acute inflammation of the kidneys and urinary tract;
with infectious jaundice and large stones in the gallbladder.

During pregnancy, use wrinkled rose hips with caution and with the permission of a doctor. When breastfeeding, it should be abandoned in the first three months, the plant can provoke an allergy in the baby.

Rosehip in the form of compotes and decoctions can be offered to children from six months, but in small dosages

When consumed excessively, wrinkled rose hips can cause an overdose of vitamin C. Side effects can develop when berries and plant-based drinks are used on an empty stomach, especially with increased stomach acidity. Rosehip negatively affects the condition of tooth enamel, therefore, after decoctions and compotes, it is advisable to rinse your mouth with clean water.

Conclusion

Rosehip wrinkled is a beautiful and very healthy plant. It is not difficult to plant it in a summer cottage. In the process of caring for the crop, attention should be paid to periodic feeding and the prevention of fungi and pests.

Rose (rosehip) wrinkled (rose rugosa): description, benefits and harms