Content
Voronezh bush peach belongs to the mid-early ripening period. This is a thermophilic plant, but it tolerates a drop in temperature well, is practically not affected by pests. The plant is compact, does not take up much space on the site, unpretentious to care for with bright fragrant fruits.
Breeding history of the variety
Peach "Voronezh bush" - the result of amateur selection. The culture comes from China, so in the Russian Federation it can grow in areas with a warm climate. It was displayed for areas with moderate temperatures. By grafting an ordinary brunion stock (the bones adhered to the pulp) to the cherry plum, we got a new variety with the taste and characteristics of the peach, and the ability to tolerate low temperatures from the cherry plum.
Description of Voronezh bush peach
The variety is mid-season. The plant is not tall, it is formed in the form of a bush, the central trunk does not exceed 0.5 m. A variety of culture is the columnar peach, presented in the video. Compact tree up to 1.8 m high for easy harvesting and maintenance.
Peach stems are dark brown in color, flexible. Leaves of an oblong shape of a light green shade along the edge of implicitly expressed small teeth. Fruit shoots of the variety are thin, elastic, unbreakable, in color like the main trunk. The peach blooms profusely with pale pink large flowers, each of which gives ovaries.
Description of peach fruits "Voronezh bush":
- rounded, medium-sized, weighing up to 115 g, the fruit of a columnar culture is larger up to 180 g;
- the flesh of a peach is dark yellow, porous, juicy;
- the skin is thin with a slight short hair, tough;
- fruits of the variety in the stage of technical ripeness are yellow-green, in biological, bright orange with a maroon side;
- the variety belongs to brunions, a large bone does not separate from the pulp.
Variety characteristic
The peculiarity of the peach is its endurance and the ability to bear fruit in the second year after planting. With correct pruning, the shrub does not take up much space on the site, it is not afraid of pests.
Drought resistance and frost resistance
The Voronezh Bush variety is genetically predisposed to withstand high temperatures without constant watering. Feels comfortable all day long in direct sunlight. The more UV light, the sweeter the fruit. As with any plant, moderate watering is necessary; at high humidity, the culture loses some of the ovaries.
Voronezh bush peach is a winter-hardy variety created especially for Central Russia. It tolerates frosts of -35 ° C, in case of freezing of the root system, it fully recovers in the spring. In order to prevent the death of the plant, the Voronezh Bush takes cover for the winter.
Does the variety need pollinators
The peach has bisexual flowers - the cultivar does not need pollinators.When placing on a site, it must be borne in mind that the shrub will not yield a crop if a tall fruit tree is growing nearby. The crown will become an obstacle to the penetration of solar heat and light.
Productivity and fruiting
According to the description of the variety, the Voronezh peach is a medium early crop, the harvest is carried out in mid or late September, depending on the weather. Bears abundantly due to self-pollination. What makes this variety attractive is its ability to yield the next year after planting. On average, 20-30 kg of fruits are removed from one tree. Contains more glucose than acids, therefore the taste of the variety is sweet with a slight acidity and aroma inherent in the culture. The peach is tightly fixed on the stalk, therefore, having reached biological ripeness, the fruit does not crumble.
Scope of the fruit
Due to its compactness and high yield, the Voronezh Kustovoy variety is grown on a personal plot and on farms. For the most part, it is consumed fresh. The peach is preserved without losing its taste and aroma within 6 days, it tolerates transportation well. At home, it is suitable for preparing blanks for the winter: compote, jam. Industrial cultivation of peaches is carried out for the purpose of supplying to the trade network and obtaining the wort for juice.
Disease and pest resistance
The fruit is immune-adapted to temperate climates. The majority of infections and garden pests affecting crop varieties in southern latitudes are not terrible for the Voronezh bush peach. Fungal diseases infect the plant if the moisture level is exceeded. For this reason, the spread of aphids is possible.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
The advantage of the "Voronezh cluster" is:
- tolerance to low temperatures;
- complete recovery after freezing;
- yield;
- self-pollination;
- compactness of the bush;
- resistance to fungal diseases: clasterosporium disease, powdery mildew;
- high appreciation of taste;
- well stored and transported.
The disadvantages include the need for shelter for the winter, constant pruning, poor separation of the bone from the pulp.
Planting a Voronezh peach
To get a strong plant that can give a good harvest, it is necessary to follow the recommendations for planting the Voronezh Kustoviy peach variety
Recommended timing
You can plant fruit seedlings in spring and autumn. For each climatic zone, the timing will be different. In order to prevent the freezing of seedlings, autumn planting in the Central and Volga-Vyatka region is carried out in the first decade of October. In the high-risk zone (Far East, Urals, Siberia), activities should be postponed to spring so that the root system has time to develop during the summer season.
Choosing the right place
This peach variety is a heat-loving, drought-resistant plant that requires a sufficient amount of light. Therefore, the shrub is placed in an open area on the south side. Suitable for planting soils: medium loamy with satisfactory moisture and air exchange, neutral slightly alkaline. Excessive calcium content in the soil must be avoided.
Selection and preparation of planting material
You can plant the Voronezh bush peach with seedlings with varietal stock purchased in specialized stores. The main requirement for the plant is that there should be at least three branches forming the future bush. The bark is smooth without damage, light green, roots without dry fragments.
You can grow seedlings yourself from the bone. For regions with cold climates, this method is the most acceptable. The peach seed contains all the varietal characteristics that will be passed on to the future bush. They are planted at the end of September, and sprouts will appear at the beginning of May next year. After 12 months, together with the earthy clod, the plant is transferred to the designated place.
Landing algorithm
Before planting a peach, it is necessary to loosen the soil and harvest weeds. The following steps are required:
- Dig a landing recess 0.5 meters down and 50 cm in diameter.
- Drainage in the form of fine gravel is placed on the bottom.
- Place the soil mixed with organic matter and 1 kg of wood ash on top.
- The root ball of the seedling is set vertically, covered with soil, watered abundantly.
Immediately after placing in the ground, the Voronezh bush peach is cut off - shoots no longer than 25 cm should remain above the ground.
Peach follow-up care
After planting, the Voronezh Bush peach requires standard care. It is recommended to carry out the first top dressing before flowering. Suitable preparations: "Agricola for berry crops" and "Energen". The second top dressing is during flowering with potassium sulfate. Before the buds appear, the bush is watered 2 times a week. Then watering is reduced to 1 time in 14 days.
Special attention is paid to the pruning of the peach. Work on the formation of the bush is carried out immediately after planting, then every year in the spring. Peach bears fruit on strong last year's growths and 2 years on bouquet branches. This factor is taken into account when forming the crown. 4 strong branches are selected, guided by the highest, cut within 1.5 m, the branching of the trunk and excess branches are removed.
If the Voronezh peach is grown in a region with cold winters, it needs shelter from freezing. The branches of the plant are flexible, they are easily tilted to the ground and fixed with hairpins. Cover from above. To protect the peach from rodents, it is recommended to wrap a thick cloth around the trunk about 20 cm from the ground.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
Diseases and garden parasites can slow down the growing season and affect fruiting:
- At the beginning and middle of summer, the main pest of the Voronezh Kustovoy variety is aphid. The insect damages the young tops of the shoots. It is recommended to treat the peach with Iskra DE at the time of the appearance of the first foliage for prophylaxis.
- The foliage may be damaged by a fungus. Visually, point bulges appear on the sheet, and then holes, perforated spotting appear in their place. The bush is treated with preparations containing copper, for example, "Hom". For preventive purposes, in the spring, the trunk and branches are whitened with lime with copper sulfate: 1: 2.
- The most common fungal infection in Voronezh bush peach is leaf curl. Large bumps are formed on them, painted in a maroon color. To eliminate the cause, it is necessary to use copper-containing herbicides.
These are possible options, they are rare due to the high resistance of the Voronezh bush peach to diseases and pests.
Conclusion
Voronezh bush peach is a selection crop bred for the purpose of cultivation in a temperate climate. The variety differs from representatives of its own species in frost resistance and drought resistance. Possesses strong immunity against fungal infections, is rarely affected by pests, is suitable for growing on an industrial scale.
