Content
Common oiler grows only in symbiosis with pine, therefore it is common in coniferous or mixed forests. Mycorrhiza with the root system of a coniferous tree played an important role in the composition of the fungus. The oiler is considered one of the most complex chemicals in the set. The benefits and harms of oil can not be assessed unambiguously. The main part of trace elements of the fruiting body is valuable for humans, but there are a number of contraindications.
Nutritional value and chemical composition
Nutritional value and useful properties of butter mushrooms are determined by the amount in the composition of amino acids, vitamins, protein, a set of trace elements and the degree of their assimilation by the body. The amino acid complex is close to an organic protein. The nutritional value of mushrooms in terms of the set of amino acids is not inferior to meat. The assimilation of protein in the composition of butter with normal function of the digestive system is within 80%, which is a high indicator. Leucine, arginine, tyrosine are completely absorbed and do not require a complex process of digestion by gastric juice. The benefit of oil for the human body lies in the fact that the protein composition is much higher than the content of the substance in any of the vegetable crops.
The fruit body contains vitamins of group B, PP and C, microelements: zinc, iron, copper. These substances are involved in all body processes. The vitamin concentration of group B is equated to cereals and butter. The amount of vitamin PP in oils is higher than in liver or yeast.
The carbohydrate composition of mushrooms is unique in its own way, carbohydrates are inferior in concentration to nitrogenous substances, which is not characteristic of the plant world, which has an inverse proportion. The benefits of oily mushrooms for humans consists in a set of mycosis, mycodextrin, rare sugars in nature. Lactose, which is present in the chemical set of oil, is naturally present only in animal products - meat, milk.
The composition of fiber differs from that of plants, the latter is based on cellulose. Mushrooms are the only representatives of the flora in which fiber contains a high concentration of chitin. The substance in nature is part of the shell and wings of insects, crustaceans. At one time, it was believed that the harm from chitin in the composition of an ordinary oiler exceeds the benefit from using the product. At the end of the 20th century, laboratory studies proved that chitin plays an important role in the growth of bifidobacteria.
The presence of styrenes in the composition significantly improves the nutritional value of butter. Substances take part in the work of the endocrine system and block cholesterol.
The chemical composition of boletus mushrooms occupies 10% of the fruiting body, the remaining 90% is water. In the composition of the following substances.
Vitamins | Macronutrients | Trace elements | Fatty acid |
Thiamine | Chlorine | Vanadium | Stearic |
Beta Carotene | Potassium | Cobalt | Capric |
Folates | Phosphorus | Iron | Myristic |
Tocopherol (alpha) | Calcium | Aluminum | Oleinovaya |
Vitamin C | Sulfur | Zinc | Linoleic |
Pyridoxine | Sodium | Copper | Palmitic |
Riboflavin | Magnesium | Iodine |
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| Silicon | Manganese |
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| Nickel |
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| Chromium |
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| Boron |
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| Lithium |
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| Selenium |
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| Rubidium |
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It also includes digestible disaccharides and monosaccharides.
Caloric content of butter
The calorie content of fresh mushrooms is low: no more than 19 Kcal per 100 g of mass. Of them:
- water - 90%;
- dietary fiber - 2%;
- carbohydrates - 1.5%;
- proteins - 4%;
- fats - 1%;
- minerals - 1.5%.
Due to the energy and nutritional composition, boletus mushrooms are useful even for children. After heat treatment, the indicator slightly increases due to partial loss of water. Dried mushrooms are not inferior to meat in terms of their calorie content; after moisture evaporation, only the chemical composition remains. For 100 g of product weight, there is much more, and the concentration of fats, proteins and carbohydrates is several times higher.
What are the benefits of boletus for humans
Due to their low calorie content and chemical composition, boletus mushrooms are useful for humans at any age:
- Eating mushrooms gives you a feeling of fullness and a minimum amount of calories. It is recommended to be included in the diet for overweight people.
- Provide the body with a sufficient amount of protein, this quality of mushrooms is a priority for vegetarians.
- Immunostimulants in the chemical composition improve the body's resistance to infections.
- Stops the growth of pathogens.
- Lipids improve liver health.
- Styrenes contribute to the production of hormones. They improve reproductive performance, prevent erectile dysfunction, and lower blood sugar levels.
- Shown to people with cardiovascular pathologies. Substances in the composition of mushrooms normalize cholesterol levels, thereby inhibiting the development of thrombosis, atherosclerosis.
- From the symbiosis with pine oil, a resinous compound was obtained into its chemical composition, which possesses the ability to remove uric acid from the tissue. Mushrooms are recommended for people with gout or migraine.
- Iron increases the level of hemoglobin, is involved in hematopoiesis.
- Thanks to iodine, they have an antiseptic effect, promote rapid tissue regeneration.
- Amino acids and vitamins stimulate the work of the brain and nervous system, relieve fatigue, depression, insomnia.
- Chitin promotes the growth of bifidobacteria in the intestines, stimulates the adrenal glands.
Why is the film useful for oil
The mushroom is covered with a protective shell, it completely covers the cap and the upper part of the fruit leg. The slippery film with a sticky surface is often covered with dry leaf fragments and insects. When recycling, many people take it away. Although the dirt from the protective layer is well washed off. The film does not contain water, the concentration of nutrients in it is high.
The benefits of oil film are undeniable, but it is also harmful to the body. If the mushroom grows in places with poor ecology, the content of carcinogens and radioactive nuclides in the film will also be higher than in the fruit body. This is the only factor that is not in favor of the protective layer. The film is used in folk medicine for the preparation of a tincture, which is used to treat psoriasis, gout, and is used as an antibacterial agent. The high concentration of zinc increases male fertility.
The use of the medicinal properties of oil in medicine
The beneficial properties of boletus mushrooms are recognized by official medicine. Mushrooms are taken in the form of alcoholic tinctures, powder. Used as a local remedy, taken internally. In traditional medicine, mushroom extract preparations are used to treat:
- allergies;
- psoriasis;
- pathologies associated with vision;
- diabetes;
- osteoporosis;
- migraine;
- gout;
- diseases of the heart and blood vessels;
- chronic fatigue syndrome;
- pathology of the thyroid gland.
Due to its antibacterial and regenerating properties, mushrooms are recommended in the postoperative period, during fractures and other injuries. Water extracts based on fruit bodies are in no way inferior to "Streptocide", this property has found application in folk medicine. Healers offer many recipes for the treatment of headaches, impotence and joint pathologies.
Contraindications and possible harm to oil
Oils tend to absorb and accumulate heavy metals: lead, cesium, and radioactive nuclides.Perfectly normal-looking mushrooms can cause serious intoxication. Cannot be collected in an industrial area near factories, on the sides of federal highways. Gas contamination makes mushrooms unsuitable for consumption.
Due to the content of chitin in the composition, the assimilation of mushroom protein is worse than the protein of animal origin. Whatever useful properties the boletus may have, there are also contraindications to the use, even of mushrooms collected in an ecologically clean area. Limit use to people suffering from:
- allergy to mushrooms;
- violation of metabolic processes;
- with dysfunction of the digestive system, fungi can cause indigestion;
- pickled boletus is not shown for hypertensive patients;
- with exacerbation of gastritis;
- low or high acidity;
- diseases of the pancreas.
It is not recommended to include butter in the diet for pregnant women and children under 3 years of age.
Conclusion
The benefits and harms of boletus are assessed depending on which ecological zone the mushrooms are collected in. The rich chemical composition is preserved during cooking and drying. The concentration of vitamins, microelements and amino acids in dried mushrooms is much higher. The beneficial properties of oil have found applications in traditional and folk medicine.
