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Ryadovka white belongs to the Tricholomovy family, the Ryadovka genus. The mushroom is classified as weakly poisonous. Very common, resembles some edible species in appearance.
Where porcini mushrooms grow
They are found throughout Russia. They live in mixed or dense deciduous forests, groves, parks. They love the neighborhood of birches and beech. Come across in meadows, open glades. They prefer acidic soils. They grow only in large groups - in rows or circles.
The following is a description of a white row with a photo.
What porcini mushrooms look like
The size of the cap is from 6 to 10 cm in diameter. In young mushrooms, it is convex, with an inwardly curled edge, then gradually opens, becoming prostrate-convex. Its surface is dry, whitish-grayish, dull. With growth, its center becomes yellow-brown, with ocher-colored spots.
The blades of the white row are wide, often located. In young specimens they are white, in old specimens they are yellowish.
The leg grows up to 5-10 cm. It is dense, elastic, covered with a whitish bloom, thicker at the bottom. The color is the same as the hat. In mature mushrooms, the base of the leg is yellowish-brown.
The mushroom has white, thick flesh, which becomes pinkish at the fractures. In young specimens, it does not smell; in mature specimens, it acquires a very unpleasant, pungent odor.
The color of the spore powder is white.
Is it possible to eat white rows
Row white - a poisonous mushroom. It cannot be eaten. Some mushroom pickers believe that it is non-toxic, but the foul smell that does not disappear after heat treatment makes it unsuitable for cooking.
How to distinguish white rows
It is important to be able to distinguish it from edible mushrooms.
The white row looks like a champignon. It is given out by 2 important signs:
- light, not darkening plates;
- pungent odor and acrid taste.
- Smelly... It can be recognized by the unpleasant smell of gas. The cap is dry, white, in mature specimens with yellowish or brown spots, from 3 to 8 cm in diameter, less often up to 15 cm. At first it has a hemispherical shape, becomes convex with growth, outstretched, with a wavy edge. The leg is dense, cylindrical, long, the same color as the cap. Its height is from 5 to 15 cm, thickness is from 8 to 20 mm. The plates are rather rare, adherent, creamy. The pulp is thick, firm, white. Refers to hallucinogens, causes visual and hearing impairment even when consumed after heat treatment.
- Giant... Large edible row. The smooth, reddish-brown cap reaches 20 cm in diameter. The stem is massive, cylindrical, thickened at the base. It reaches a height of 10 cm, and a thickness of 6 cm. In a giant ryadovka, white dense flesh, becomes reddish or yellowish on the cut.The smell is pleasant, it tastes like a walnut, slightly bitter.
- Pseudo white... Refers to inedible rows. Occurs singly or in small groups from August to October. It can be seen in mixed and deciduous forests. The diameter of the cap is 3-8 cm. At first it has the shape of a hemisphere, then it becomes convex. The color is white, white-pink, whitish-cream, ivory. The leg grows up to 3-9 cm, in thickness - up to 7-15 mm. At first it is white, then it takes on a creamy or pink tint. The pulp is whitish, then yellowish, has a mealy odor.
- Pigeon... This autumn edible row is white, large, fleshy, with firm flesh. The cap, covered with scales, is at first semicircular, then prostrate-convex with the edges bent down. In diameter it reaches 10, sometimes 15 cm. The surface is white-cream or ivory, wavy. The leg is powerful - up to 12 cm high, up to 25 mm thick. Grows in mixed forests next to birch and oak, is found in pastures and meadows. Fruiting singly or in groups from mid-August to October. It is widely used in cooking.
- Earthy... Treats edible. It is easy to confuse it with poisonous relatives, including the white ryadovka. Less earthy in size. The diameter of the cap is from 3 to 9 cm. The shape is spherical or conical, there are small scales on the surface. The color is grayish or grayish brown. The leg is whitish, cylindrical, sometimes fusiform, becomes hollow with age. It grows up to 5-9 cm in height and up to 2 cm in thickness. When cut, the smell of laundry soap is felt. The pulp on the break does not change color. The smell and taste are mild.
- Gray... The size of the cap is up to 12 cm. In a young mushroom, it is rounded, wrapped, in an old one it straightens, becomes flat, takes an irregular shape, the skin on the surface cracks. The leg is straight, high (up to 10-15 cm). The plates are located quite far from each other, with growth they become gray or yellowish. Found in pine forests, it is considered edible. In Russia, it is called a serushka or podosnovik.
- Tiger row... Poisonous, leads to poisoning. Its cunning is that it tastes good and does not give the impression of an inedible mushroom. The size of the cap is up to 12 cm in diameter. In a young specimen, it is spherical, gradually acquires the shape of a bell, then becomes flat. The color can be off-white, grayish, grayish-black. Covered with scales that create a tiger (leopard) pattern. The leg is high (up to 15 cm), straight, white-rusty. In a mature specimen, drops of moisture are released on the surface of the cap. The plates are grayish green. It settles in coniferous, less often deciduous forests, occurs singly or in colonies. It grows in the Northern Hemisphere (in a temperate climatic zone), it is considered a rare species.
Poisoning symptoms
After eating poisonous ryadovki, the first signs of poisoning appear in the interval from 15 minutes to 2 hours. The main symptoms of intoxication are diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, headache. Often there are complaints of dizziness, weakness, severe pain in the abdomen, tinnitus. There may be increased salivation, fever, drowsiness and yawning, and a decrease in blood pressure. Sometimes a person loses consciousness.
First aid for poisoning
If signs of poisoning appear after eating mushrooms, you should quickly call an ambulance. Before the arrival of doctors, the following actions must be taken:
- Rinse the stomach with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or plain water. Drink the liquid in small sips at intervals. Then induce vomiting by pressing on the root of the tongue with your fingers. Rinse several times until liquid comes out of the stomach without pieces of food and mucus.
- After washing, take activated charcoal. For 10 kg of body weight - 1 tablet.
- The patient needs to go to bed, wrap himself in a blanket, warm his hands and feet with a heating pad.
- Frequent drinking is necessary. Sweetened tea can be used.
Further treatment must be prescribed by a doctor.
Conclusion
Ryadovka white has many related species, among which there are both edible and poisonous. It is important to be able to distinguish good from dangerous. In some cases, it is difficult to do this, especially for inexperienced mushroom pickers, so a dubious specimen should be discarded.
