Content
Few garden is complete without a black currant bush. Tasty and healthy berries of an early ripening period, like those of the currant varieties Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya 2, are valued for the presence of vitamins and microelements. The culture is undemanding to care for, frost-resistant, grows well in the regions of most of Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine.
History of creation
Currant Selechenskaya has been included in the State Register since 1993. Its author A.I. Astakhov, a scientist from Bryansk. The early maturing variety quickly gained popularity among gardeners. But due to the increased demands of currants for soil quality and susceptibility to diseases, the breeder continued to work on the crop. And since 2004, the collection of Russian black currant varieties has been enriched with another acquisition. Black currant Selechenskaya 2 was bred in co-authorship with L.I. Zueva. Both varieties give early fruits, which have a delicate and sweet dessert taste, but differ sharply in other indicators. Gardeners continue to grow them successfully in different regions of Russia.
Comparative characteristics
Farms prefer to plant black currant bushes on the plantations, adapted to local climatic conditions. Both varieties of currants fully meet these requirements. Harvesting is carried out from July to the second decade of August. In terms of the harmony of taste and usefulness, aromatic plants differ little.
Currant Selechenskaya
Due to the winter hardiness of the bush - up to -32 0C, drought resistance, early maturity and productivity, the Selechenskaya black currant is grown from the northwestern regions to Siberia. A medium-sized shrub with straight, medium thickness, not spreading shoots, grows up to 1.5 m. The five-lobed leaves are small, dull. There are 8-12 light flowers in a cluster. Round berries weighing from 1.7 to 3.3 g are covered with soft black skin. Sweet and sour, they contain 7.8% sugar and 182 mg of vitamin C. The tasters rated the taste of Selechenskaya currant at 4.9 points. The berries are easy to tear off from the brush, ripen together, do not fall off, stick to the bush.
From one bush, starting from mid-June, 2.5 kg of fragrant berries are harvested. On an industrial scale, the variety shows a yield of 99 c / ha. Sweet and sour berries do not differ in astringency, they are used fresh, for various preparations and freezing. They will stay in the refrigerator for 10-12 days.
The bush is immune to powdery mildew, has an average sensitivity to anthracnose. For other fungal diseases, preventive treatment must be carried out. The black currant variety Selechenskaya has a high susceptibility to kidney mites.
Currants are demanding to care for:
- Prefers fertile soil;
- Loves shaded areas;
- Needs regular watering;
- Sensitive to feeding;
- Without observance of agricultural technology, the berries become small.
Currant Selechenskaya 2
The improved variety has also become widespread over the years. A compact shrub with straight shoots up to 1.9 m. Medium-sized leaves are dark green, three-lobed. There are 8-14 purple flowers in the cluster. Rounded black berries weighing 4-6 g. Black currant bush Selechenskaya 2 gives up to 4 kg of fruit. Berries with a characteristic aroma, pleasant, rich taste, without pronounced astringency. They contain 7.3% sugar and 160 mg vitamin C per 100 g of products.Tasting score: 4.9 points.
Dry berries are torn off the branch, transportable. The bush bears fruit for a long time, the berries do not fall off. Black currant Selechenskaya 2 is cold-resistant, but 45% of flowers suffer from recurrent spring frosts. The bushes of the variety are unpretentious, grow in the shade, are highly resistant to powdery mildew, show an average susceptibility to anthracnose, kidney mites and aphids. Spring preventive treatment is sufficient for the season.
The description shows how the Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya currants differ 2.
- First of all, the yield increased due to the enlargement of berries;
- Having become not so demanding on soil and maintenance, the new variety has lost its resistance to sudden spring temperature changes;
- The improved plant is less susceptible to pathogens of fungal diseases.
Reproduction
Selechenskaya black currant is propagated by layering and cuttings, like all other varieties of this berry shrub.
Layers
Near a bush with long shoots, small holes are broken in the spring.
- Large annual shoots are tilted to the depressions and covered with soil;
- The branch is strengthened with special spacers or improvised material so that it does not straighten;
- Layers are watered regularly;
- Shoots that have taken root are covered with soil;
- The seedlings can be moved in the fall or next spring.
Cuttings
From black currant Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya 2 cuttings are prepared in autumn or at the end of winter from lignified annual shoots, 0.5-1 cm thick. The rooting process lasts up to 1.5 months.
- Each piece of a currant branch should have 3 eyes;
- Cuttings are processed with growth stimulants according to the instructions;
- They are planted in separate containers in loose fertile soil. The lower kidney is deepened;
- Organize a mini-greenhouse by covering the containers with a film or transparent box. The seedlings are ventilated every day.
Growing
For the successful cultivation of Selechenskaya black currant, you need to carefully choose seedlings.
- 1- or 2-year-old healthy, resilient, undamaged seedlings are suitable;
- Shoots from 40 cm in height and up to 8-10 mm in diameter at the base, with smooth bark and not wilted leaves;
- The roots are dense, with two or three skeletal branches up to 15-20 cm, not withered;
- If the seedlings are spring - with swollen, large buds.
Site preparation
Currant Selechenskaya 2 grows well in partial shade, develops better in a place protected from strong air currents. The culture is planted along fences, buildings, on the south or west side of the garden. Loves neutral or low acid soils. The distance to the groundwater table must be at least 1 m.
- Before planting the black currant variety, the Selechenskaya plot is fertilized for 3 months with humus, potassium sulfate or wood ash and superphosphate;
- If the reaction of the soil is acidic, add 1 sq. m 1 kg of dolomite flour or lime.
Landing
Currant bushes Selechenskaya 2 are located 1.5-2 m from each other.
- If a cutting is planted, or the soil is heavy, then the seedling is arranged so that it is tilted at an angle of 45 degrees to the ground;
- The hole is filled up, compacted. Along the perimeter, bumpers are made so that when watering, water does not seep outside the projection of the hole;
- Pour 20 liters of water into the created bowl around the seedling and mulch.
Care
Black currant bushes Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya 2 need regular watering, especially in the third year, at the beginning of fruiting. Then the soil is loosened no deeper than 7 cm, removing all weeds.
- Usually, plants are watered 1-2 times a week or more, focusing on the amount of natural precipitation, 1-3 buckets;
- Watering is increased in the ovary phase, after harvesting and before the onset of frost, no later than early October.
Care provides for the obligatory shelter of young bushes for the winter.
Top dressing
Currant Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya 2 need timely feeding.
- In spring and autumn, the bushes are fed with a mullein solution diluted 1: 4, or 100 g of bird droppings are diluted in 10 liters of water;
- For 3 years of growth, 30 g of urea is added in the spring, and humus or compost is added to the mulch;
- In October, 30 g of superphosphate and 20 g of potassium sulfate are given under the bushes. Mulch with humus;
- If the soils are fertile, you can refuse from autumn mineral products by adding 300-400 g of wood ash under the bush.
Pruning
Forming the Selechenskaya 2 currant bush in spring or autumn, gardeners lay the future harvest, which is created on the shoots for 2, 3 years.
- Every year 10-20 zero shoots grow from the root, which become skeletal branches after a season;
- For the 2nd year of growth, 5-6 branches are left;
- To form branches in July, pinch the tops of young shoots;
- In autumn, the branches are cut in front of the outer bud by 3-4 eyes;
- Cut branches over 5 years old, dry and sick.
The bushes of northern dessert fruits, shimmering in the summer with a black atlas of ripe berries, delight the owners of the garden for a long time, if you pay attention to them and love working on the ground.
