Content
- 1 Description of Ethiopian melon
- 2 Where is Ethiopian melon grown?
- 3 Pros and cons of the variety
- 4 How to choose an Ethiopian melon
- 5 Useful properties of Ethiopian melon
- 6 Calorie melon Ethiopian
- 7 Melon cultivation Ethiopian
- 8 Melon yield Ethiopian
- 9 Diseases and pests
- 10 Melon reviews Ethiopian
- 11 Conclusion
The Ethiopian melon is the result of domestic selection. It is distinguished by its compact size and good taste. The variety is suitable for growing on personal plots and farms.
Description of Ethiopian melon
The Ethiopian melon is a climbing plant that yields a crop in medium terms. The interval from seed germination to fruit ripening takes up to 3 months. Leaves are green, medium, slightly dissected.
- rounded shape;
- bright yellow with orange undertone;
- pronounced ribbing;
- weight from 2.3 to 2.8 kg.
The pulp is tender, orange in color. The aroma is strong, typical of the culture. The taste is good, sweet. Seeds are yellowish, medium in size.
Where is Ethiopian melon grown?
In 2013, the Ethiopka variety was included in the State Register for the Lower Volga region, but it is also suitable for planting in other southern regions. The hybrid is recommended for rainfed agriculture, where soil irrigation occurs in the spring when the snow melts. The variety is suitable for planting in personal subsidiary plots.
Pros and cons of the variety
Advantages of the Ethiopka variety:
- good taste;
- drought resistance;
- yield;
- transportability;
- high content of nutrients in the pulp.
Disadvantages of Ethiopian melon:
- the need for feeding;
- susceptibility to fungal diseases;
- low resistance to temperature extremes.
How to choose an Ethiopian melon
Ethiopian melon is often grown for sale. It is sold on the market in August. The integrity of the peel is assessed first. It is best to find a fruit that is free from damage, dents, dark spots, or other defects. Ripe specimens have a yellow-orange color, a rough surface and a coarse mesh.
You can select a melon by sound. To determine ripeness, you need to hit the surface of the fruit. If the sound is dull, then it is ready for use. A ringing sound indicates that the fruit is not yet ripe.
Another way to determine ripeness is by the "tail". If it is dry, then the fruit was ripe. You can also press down on the place where the stalk is attached. In a ripe Ethiopian melon, it is slightly soft, in a green one it is hard. If the area is too soft, then the specimen is overripe and not suitable for use.
Useful properties of Ethiopian melon
Ethiopian melon stands out for its beneficial properties. The pulp contains fiber, potassium, vitamins B, C, PP, copper, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, carbohydrates, organic acids. Vitamin C strengthens the immune system and helps lower cholesterol. B vitamins regulate metabolic processes, and trace elements ensure the functioning of the heart, blood vessels and other organs. Fiber stimulates intestinal activity, and folic acid normalizes hormonal levels.
The melon is consumed fresh, frozen, dried, made from the pulp, marshmallow and jam. The fruits are added to the menu two hours before or after meals. The product is considered heavy on the stomach and may interfere with the digestive process.
The daily norm of the product is no more than 300 g. It is recommended to use it for diseases of the liver, bladder, atherosclerosis. You should first consult with your doctor.
Calorie melon Ethiopian
100 g of product contains 33 kcal. Due to its low calorie content, the product is suitable for weight loss. The diet is followed for a month.For breakfast, they eat about 300 g of pulp, for lunch and dinner, they prepare ordinary dishes, with the exception of flour products and sweets.
Melon cultivation Ethiopian
The cultivation process of the Ethiopka variety includes a number of stages. They start by planting seeds for seedlings. Then the site is prepared, the plants are transplanted and regularly looked after during the season.
Seedling preparation
In the middle lane, the culture is grown through seedlings. For planting, seeds are chosen three years ago. First, they are immersed in a solution of potassium permanganate or boric acid for 15 minutes. To increase seed germination, they are also kept in a growth stimulant solution.
Planting begins in mid-April. It is best to use peat pots or small containers. Each of them is filled with a substrate consisting of peat and sand in a ratio of 9: 1. 3 seeds are planted in each container to a depth of 2 cm.
The seed containers are kept warm, which will speed up the emergence of seedlings. The melon sprouts a week after planting. Seedlings are kept on a windowsill, for 10 - 12 hours they are provided with good lighting every day. Seedlings of the Ethiopka variety are watered with warm water.
Among the seedlings, they leave the strongest plant and pinch it. Cut off other shoots so as not to injure the roots of the remaining seedlings. The Ethiopka variety is fed with complex fertilizers. 2 weeks before planting, the seedlings are moved to the balcony so that they can adapt to the new conditions.
Selection and preparation of the landing site
The Ethiopka variety is provided with certain conditions:
- sunny, well-warmed place;
- cold wind protection;
- neutral light soil;
- the absence of a number of beds with potatoes and cucumbers;
- neighborhood with turnips, radishes, corn, beans is allowed.
The culture develops well in loamy soil. Sandy, clayey, acidic and waterlogged soils are not suitable for cultivation. Melon is best planted after cucumbers, corn, onions, garlic, cabbage, legumes. It is not recommended to choose beds for the Ethiopka variety, where tomatoes or carrots grew a year earlier.
In the fall, the site is dug up and fertilized with humus. Sand is added to the clay soil. In the spring potassium salt and superphosphate are added to the soil. For 1 sq. m is enough for 30 g of each fertilizer.
Landing rules
Seedlings are planted in an open area at the age of 4 - 5 weeks. First, they wait until warm weather sets in and frosts pass. If there is a chance of a cold snap, then the plants are covered with a film or agrofibre.
Seedlings of the Ethiopka variety are transferred to the holes. Plants are transplanted using the transshipment method. First, they are watered, then carefully removed from the containers and try not to damage the roots. Seedlings are placed with a step of 60 cm from each other. 70 - 80 cm are left between rows with plants. The root collar is placed above the ground to avoid rotting. Then river sand is poured onto the garden bed.
Watering and feeding
Caring for the Ethiopka variety comes down to watering and feeding. Periodically loosen the soil and weed weeds... The procedure improves the absorption of moisture and nutrients. After transplanting into open ground, the melon is watered and fed after 2 weeks. During this time, the plant will take root in a new place.
It is best to water the plants in the morning or evening. Use warm, settled water. When watering, make sure that the water does not come into contact with leaves and stems. After applying moisture, the soil is loosened between the rows from days.
2 weeks after planting in the ground, the plants are fed with a solution of mullein or ammonium nitrate. Fertilizers are re-applied when buds are formed. When ovaries appear, they switch to feeding with superphosphate and potassium salt. For 10 l of water add 35 g of each substance.
Formation
Formation of the Ethiopka variety is necessary to obtain a high yield. After transplanting to a permanent place, the main stem of the plant is pinched so that it can direct its forces to the formation of the crop.Each seedling leaves one main shoot, no more than two branches. Other processes are eliminated.
When flowering, the plant leaves from 2 to 5 ovaries. When small fruits appear, they are placed in a net. Periodically, the melon is turned over so that it ripens evenly.
Melon yield Ethiopian
The Ethiopka variety bears about 10 kg of fruit. The harvest does not ripen at the same time. After removing ripe fruits, the next batch of melon ripens in 1 - 2 weeks. When grown on an industrial scale, 90 - 145 centners of the crop are harvested from 1 hectare.
Diseases and pests
If agricultural technology is violated, the Ethiopka variety is susceptible to diseases. Insects cause significant damage to the crop. To protect the planting, it is important to identify the cause of the lesion in time.
The main diseases of culture:
- Powdery mildew. Has the appearance of white spots, they spread over the leaves and stems. Gradually, the leaves curl up and dry up, the fruits become smaller and lose sugar.
- Peronosporosis. It appears as yellow-green spots that quickly spread over the leaf plate.
- Fusarium wilting. The leaves brighten, gray spots appear on them. After 10 days, the plant withers and dies.
To combat diseases, special attention is paid to the treatment of seeds and soil for planting. During the growing season, the culture is sprayed with a solution of sulfur, potassium chloride, Oxyhom or Topaz preparations.
Melon attracts melon aphids, wireworms, scoops, spider mites and other pests. Insects feed on the sap of the plant, as a result, the melon leaves wilt and its yield decreases. The drugs Karbofos, Iskra, Fitoverm are used against pests. During the growing season, chemicals are replaced with wood ash and tobacco dust. Good prevention - digging up the soil in the fall, harvesting plant residues, observing crop rotation.
Melon reviews Ethiopian
Conclusion
Melon Ethiopka is a successful domestic variety. It is appreciated for its good taste and unpretentious care. The culture is grown in seedlings. It is important to choose a suitable place for her, water, feed and form the plant.
