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Being a primordially southern plant, pepper has already been changed by selection so that it can grow and bear fruit in the rather harsh conditions of northern Russia. The harsh continental climate of Siberia with its hot short summers and cold long winters makes specific demands on southern cultures.
Gardeners of the Trans-Ural regions are forced to choose early ripening varieties. At the same time, depending on the station breeding new varieties, the indication of the early maturity of the variety will differ. The indication "Ultra early maturing varieties" of the southern stations may be similar to the marking "early maturing varieties" of more northern stations.
Unfortunately, the vast majority of seed sellers are still resellers. Manufacturers among them are less than ten percent. Manufacturers have a different problem. Breeding excellent varieties with early fruiting, intended for the northern regions, they often do not indicate the number of days before harvest. The terms "early maturing", "mid-maturing", "late-maturing" are very vague and conventional. Often the word “ultra early” in the seed description of the variety is just a marketing ploy.
The varieties that bear fruit in 90 - 110 days after the emergence of full-fledged shoots can be called both early maturing and ultra-early by the manufacturer.
A vivid example of such a marketing ploy is the sweet pepper variety from the SeDeK company. Most likely, they did not mean anything bad, just in the conditions of the Moscow region, where the fields of this company are located, the variety with a period of 100 days before fruiting is indeed very early. Usually this firm indicates as early maturing varieties with a period of 105 to 120 days. But in the conditions of Siberia, such a variety can no longer be called ultra-ripening. The maximum is early maturing.
Greenhouse pepper Ultra early
Sort from SeDek with a period of 100 - 110 days. In the description, however, it is indicated as early maturing.
it sweet pepper with large fruits weighing up to 120 grams. The walls of the fruit are fleshy. Pepper has a high taste. You can pick it starting with green fruits, although fully ripe peppers are red. Recommended for cooking and fresh consumption.
The bush is up to 70 centimeters high.
With all the advantages of the variety, it cannot be called ultra-early ripening, although it is quite suitable for growing in the northern regions of Russia.
The second example: the variety "Health" from the company "Zolotaya Sotka Altai", located in Barnaul. The firm is northern and its “ultra early” characterization differs from the characterization of the Moscow region firm.
Health
A striking example of an ultra-early sweet pepper with a vegetation period of 78 - 87 days. Tall bush. The fruits are large, up to 80 grams. Conical shape. When ripe, the color of the fruit is dark red. The good thing is that it has good fruit set at low temperatures.
These two examples clearly show the difference in the ripening of the crop in as many as twenty days. For cold regions, where the summer is very short, this is a very long period.
The same company offers not an ultra-early ripening, but an early-ripening variety of sweet peppers.
Mustang
The term to fruiting is 105 days. Quite good terms for the northern region, but you can't call ultra-early ripening anymore. Peppers of this variety are fleshy and large, up to 250 grams. Fully ripe fruits are bright red, but green can also be used.
The shrub is of medium height and resistant to low temperatures.
Ultra-early sweet peppers
Firm "Aelita" can offer three ultra-early ripening varieties of pepper. All peppers are sweet.
Blond
Requires 95 days to harvest. The fruits are cuboid, golden yellow. Average weight of pepper is 250 grams. The bushes are quite large. The manufacturer recommends maintaining a distance between plants of 50 centimeters, 35 between rows.
Brother foxes
The variety needs 85 - 90 days before fruiting. The orange fruits are relatively small, weighing about 100 grams. Standard bushes, medium size, up to 70 centimeters. Very good in fresh salad. Although the purpose of the variety is universal.
Pinocchio F1
An ultra-early ripening hybrid that bears fruit on the 90th day after germination. Bushes are vigorous, standard, do not require formation. The fruit is conical, elongated. Pepper length up to 17 centimeters, diameter up to 7. Weight up to 100 ten grams with a wall thickness of 5 millimeters. It has a very good yield, giving up to 14 kilograms per m² at a planting density of 5 - 8 plants per unit area.
Nemesis F1
The ultra-early ripening variety Nemesis F1 is offered by the Dutch company Enza Zaden. This pepper will have to wait 90 - 95 days for the harvest. Fruits weighing up to 100 grams. In unripe peppers, the color is almost white, in ripe peppers it is red. A distinctive feature of the variety is a well-developed root system.
When buying seeds from its production, the company suggests paying attention to the packaging in order to avoid counterfeiting. There are no Russian inscriptions on the original packaging. The entire text is written in Latin in English. The packaging must contain the date of packaging and the batch number. The original seeds are colored orange.
For the sake of fairness, it should be noted that in Russia, which has a more severe climate, the ripening time of this hybrid is somewhat longer than indicated by the Dutch breeders. The fruits are tied at the stated time, but they turn red longer. Moreover, in the case of a hot season, the ripening period is reduced. It follows that the ripening time of the variety directly depends on the environment.
Of the other ones that do not correspond to the declared characteristics, a smaller number of ovaries in the bunch can be noted, which is also associated with the cold climate. But the size of the fruits does not depend on the average annual temperature.
Concern-mnogostanochnik Bayer, which includes the agrotechnical division of Nunems, offers three ultra-early varieties of peppers at once.
Claudio F1
As the name suggests, this is a first generation hybrid. Differs in high productivity. The fruits are large, reaching 250 grams in weight. The wall thickness is more than a centimeter. The color of the ripe fruit is dark red. Unripe peppers are dark green.
The crop can be harvested already on the 72nd day. Under unfavorable conditions on the 80th. The bush is very powerful, densely leafy, upright. Peppers can be grown both in greenhouses and in open beds.
Differs in resistance to stress, sunburn and viral diseases.
Gemini F1
Also an early variety. Bears fruit 75 days after planting seedlings. It bears very large fruits up to 400 grams. On one bush, 7 to 10 cuboid peppers are tied. Dimensions 18 centimeters by 9. Wall thickness 8 millimeters. Ripe fruits are bright yellow. Versatile. It is used fresh in salads, as well as in preservation and cooking.
Similar to the variety Claudio resistant to stress, sunburn and disease. Peppers are grown in shelters and in the open air.
In the assortment of Nunems, the variety stands out especially
Samander F1
Before harvesting this pepper, you have to wait only 55 - 65 days. Ripe fruits are red, conical in shape. Compared to the previous two, the fruits are not large, "only" up to 180 grams.
Peppers of this variety have good keeping quality. They are easy to transport. Due to these properties, the hybrid is often grown on farms for commercial purposes.
Another ultra-early variety is offered by the Swiss company Syngenta.
Love F1
This variety takes 70 days or more. Unlike those described above, this hybrid is grown only outdoors, so you should be careful when trying to grow this variety in the north of Russia. Fruit weight 120 grams. When ripe, the peppers have a deep red color.
In addition, a few more domestic varieties are worth mentioning.
Dobrynya
Refers to ultra-early varieties with a period of 90 days. Standard bushes, tall. Average leafiness. Fruits up to 90 grams in weight, red when ripe and light green when unripe. The wall thickness is average, 5 millimeters.
Oriole
The fruits are light yellow. The first harvest, depending on the conditions, can be harvested starting from the 78th day. The variety has a very wide geography. It can be grown throughout northern Russia. The variety "captures" the entire Trans-Urals plus regions from Arkhangelsk to Pskov.
Fakir
In Siberian conditions, it bears fruit already on the 86th day. Unripe fruits are light green with yellowness, which distinguishes it from other varieties. Able to ripen completely to red in the open field. The fruits are small, only up to 63 grams. But there are many of them. You can get 3 kilograms of peppers from a square meter.
Cardinal F1
The period before fruiting is 85 days. Bushes are tall, up to 1 meter. Fruits weighing up to 280 grams have a thick wall (1 centimeter). When ripe, cuboid fruits are purple in color. In this regard, the logic of the creator of the variety is incomprehensible. The cardinal's robe is red. The bishop has purple.
Fidelio F1
Ultra early. Requires an average of 85 days before fruiting. The bushes are high, up to 1 meter. Cuboid peppers are silvery white in color. The weight of thick-walled (8 mm) fruits is up to 180 grams.
Filippok F1
80 days pass before harvesting. The bushes are low, there is little foliage. The fruits are small, only up to 60 grams, but they have a good taste. At the same time, the wall thickness is not inferior to some large-fruited varieties and is 5 millimeters.
Spicy ultra-early ripening peppers
Small miracle
It is also distinguished by its early maturity. The period before harvest is about 90 days. It can grow in open beds, in a greenhouse, in indoor conditions.
The bush is 50 centimeters high, with a lot of branches. Fruits are only 2 - 3 centimeters long and weigh up to 5 grams. The fruits ripen uncommonly. In the process of ripening, they change color 5 times: from green to red.
Aladdin
This pepper takes an average of 100 days to ripen. It cannot be called ultra-early, but it is early enough to interest the inhabitants of the northern regions. Semi-spreading bush, up to 60 centimeters high.
Orange miracle
An ultra-early variety with a period to fruiting of 90 days. The height of the bush is only 30 centimeters, the weight of the fruit is 5 grams.
Conclusion
When growing peppers, especially early maturingIt should be remembered that plant growth slows down at low temperatures. At temperatures below + 5 °, the pepper completely stops growing. In the range from 5 to 12 degrees, there is a strong delay in development, which can slow down the ripening of the crop by 20 days. After flowering, peppers do not react as strongly to low temperatures.
At temperatures above 30 °, the pepper bush is actively growing, but most of the flowers fall off. From the preserved ovaries, small and deformed fruits develop. The daily temperature drop also adversely affects the development of pepper.
