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Ramson from seeds at home is the best option for propagating a wild-growing vitamin species. There are 2 of the most common types of wild garlic with leaves that look like lily of the valley - bear and victorious. The first, with a peduncle up to 30 cm tall, with a white corolla, grows in the forests of the Caucasus, Siberia and Europe, develops before the beginning of summer, like most bulbous. The second species is found in Siberia and the Caucasus, larger, with greenish flowers, grows all summer. Both plants are included in the Red Book of separate regions, propagated by seeds.
How wild garlic reproduces
Like any wild species, wild garlic takes root only in conditions that are as similar as possible to places of natural distribution. This wild onion is found in nature in deciduous forests, in clearings, in wetlands, does not like open spaces. Natural reproduction of the species is by seeds, which independently disperse over the ground in summer and autumn. Seedlings emerge next spring from seeds that lie throughout the winter. Covered with grass and leaves, the grains can withstand frost. Therefore, it is advised to propagate wild garlic with seeds that have undergone stratification. They are placed in a substrate in a refrigerator for 80-90 days. Some experts insist that wild garlic seeds do not have a dormant period, and such a technique is not needed for plant breeding.
There are certain difficulties in breeding wild bear onions. Seeds harvested in summer and autumn have a short germination duration. Adjusting to the natural schedule, it is better to plant wild garlic seeds before winter. Sowing seeds in spring will produce half the number of sprouts than the sealed seeds. Seedlings may appear even after a year, so it is better to mark the sown area and not process.
Many gardeners note that the bear onion already growing on the site was propagated by dividing the bush. In this case, this method is easier than growing wild garlic from seeds at home. It is necessary to carefully dig out the wild garlic bush so that all the roots growing from the bulb are preserved, preferably with an earthen lump. Divided into individual bulbs and immediately planted in wells prepared and spilled with water. Reproduction of wild garlic by bulbs is possible only in those areas where the endemic grows. A crop transported within a few hours loses moisture from small roots, and more often dies in a new area.
How to plant wild garlic seeds
When choosing a plot for wild garlic, take into account the natural factors in which the plant propagates by self-sowing seeds:
- moderately moist soil, possibly close occurrence of groundwater;
- melt or rainwater does not collect on the site;
- clay, sandy loam or loam soil with a slightly acidic or slightly alkaline reaction;
- shady place, partial shade;
- the whole area is covered with leaves, crushed with dry grass.
If the gardener is sure that he has the seeds of a victorious onion, and not a bear, it is better to place the plants in a sunny area. This species of wild garlic prefers light glades.
When can you sow wild garlic
Successful planting of wild garlic seeds in the fall, at the end of August, until mid-September. In the store, you need to pay attention to the date of packaging of products. Fresh seeds harvested this year in summer will provide good germination in spring. Gardeners assure that seedlings on the ground in the garden can appear even after a year and a half. Seeds that have not undergone stratification lie in the ground for so long. If they remain intact, they will give delayed shoots. Therefore, the site is fenced off, mulched, moistened throughout the warm season. Spring planting of wild garlic seeds is traditionally carried out after stratification.
Soil preparation
If the seeds are sown in containers, pick up a container with a depth of 12-15 cm. The wild garlic sprouts will spend at least 2 years in the container before the transplantation period. The nutrient substrate is carefully prepared:
- 2 parts of garden or forest soil;
- 1 part humus or compost;
- 1 part peat.
Drainage from small pebbles, expanded clay is laid at the bottom of the containers. The bottom plane of the container must be perforated. The containers are placed on pallets.
Sowing wild garlic seeds in garden land also provides for the preparation of the site:
- mark the borders of wild garlic crops with a fence;
- in low-lying places, 20 cm of the fertile layer is removed in order to arrange drainage from bricks or rubble under it;
- acidic soil is dug up in the summer and lime;
- a week before sowing the seeds, organic matter is introduced, a bucket of humus per 1 sq. m.
Stratification of wild garlic seeds
Sowing wild garlic seeds for winter directly into the ground on the site implies their natural stratification in frozen soil. If the seeds will sprout in a container, they are frozen:
- placed in a container with soil or sand;
- put in the refrigerator for 2 months.
How to sow wild garlic
For better germination, wild garlic seeds are processed in growth-stimulating solutions according to the instructions and germinated. After treatment with the preparations, the seeds in a gauze bag are placed in a flat, convenient container, where from time to time a little warm water is poured. During the germination process, the tissue must remain wet and give moisture to the seeds. The air temperature should be within + 20-26 ° С. Cover the container so that moisture does not evaporate too quickly.
Sprouted seeds are laid out with tweezers in grooves - rows, lightly sprinkled with soil with a layer of up to 0.5-1 cm.Now, a long process of emergence of seedlings, their development and strengthening at home will begin.
In open ground, the depth of the rows is up to 5 cm, the interval between the grooves is 15-20 cm. For such sowing, wild garlic seeds are not germinated, but simply laid out in grooves, using 10 g per 1 sq. m. Sprinkle with peat on top, so that in spring it would be easier for the sprouts to break through to the light.
There is another way to propagate wild garlic by seeds in autumn:
- lay out 2-3 dry grains on compacted soil in a ceramic pot;
- a layer of peat up to 3 cm is poured on top;
- the pot is placed in the garden in a hole according to its volume, covered with peat and other mulch, leaves, and rotted straw.
In such conditions, the seeds spend the winter, then in the spring the mulch and peat are removed, but the place with the pots must be designated for watering and care.
How to grow wild garlic from seeds
To propagate wild garlic in the country, sprouts are transplanted from a container a year later, next spring. They adhere to strict rules for caring for fragile sprouts at home:
- all this time, young plants are kept in a bright place, but not on a sunny windowsill, so that they do not fade;
- the soil should be moistened regularly;
- once a week, the soil is slightly loosened with a thin stick, without approaching the sprouts;
- in autumn and winter, crops are provided with additional lighting, up to 10-12 hours a day.
Outside onion sprouts are also regularly cared for:
- Easily loosen the soil with a thin, narrow tool.
- Gently remove weeds.
- Watering between rows.
- Peat is poured if it washed out after rain.
- Renew the leaf mulch layer.
Watering schedule
Onion sprouts, which are in the seedling container, are watered every other day or two.The soil must not be overmoistened, and at the same time brought to dryness. In summer, in hot weather, watering is possible twice a day. In late autumn, watering the container 1-2 a week is sufficient.
Do I need to feed
In the first year of growth, bear onions are fed with balanced complex fertilizers for greens:
- Energen;
- "AVA"
- Sapropel;
- "Gardener";
- "WMD";
- "Hera" and others.
After transplanting to a permanent place, organic fertilizers are also used, as infusions:
- from manure;
- litter;
- green grass.
When can you transplant wild garlic
The sprouts will get stronger only by the second spring of their development. You can transplant wild garlic at the end of April, the culture is not afraid of return frosts and cool weather:
- you need to take special thin and long spatulas for seedlings in the form of spatulas, with which you can divide the soil in the container into sections, in which there will be one onion each;
- the soil in the hole is watered before planting with water, as in a container with seedlings;
- the sections are taken on a scapula and transferred to the hole, trying not to damage the long roots;
- the holes are sprinkled with earth, compacted and mulched.
Ramson grows on one site for 6-7 years. After 2-3 years, new plants bud from the bulb, a dense bush is formed, which is planted in the spring according to standard agricultural technology. At the same time, the first flowering of wild garlic begins. Bear onions produce seeds in July, with wilting of the aerial part. Seeds are harvested from the victorious onion in August. Leaves for greenery are cut after 5 years of plant development.
Conclusion
Ramsons from seeds at home will give the first harvest for 4-5 years of development. In this case, only 1 leaf is cut from each plant, be sure to leave the leaves for the growing season of the bulbs. The complex breeding process is justified, since the culture is rich in its useful composition.
