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For decorative purposes, roses have been grown for more than 5 thousand years. During such a time, people have fallen in love with the plant so much that it is already difficult to imagine flower beds without beautiful and delicate roses. From the point of view of archaeologists, the rose has been a wild flower for millions of years. Later they began to grow it in all corners of the earth. Breeders were able to breed hundreds of varieties that differ in shape and color.
According to rough estimates, garden roses include from 200 to 400 varieties, which, in turn, are divided into 40 different types. They are distinguished not only by the appearance of the flowers, but also by the structure of the plant itself. Roses can be cluster or have only one straight stem, dwarf or tall, creeping along the surface of the ground or curling on a support. Also, each flower has its own special scent or does not have it at all. And the variety of colors is simply amazing, they can be monochromatic or combine several colors, bright or pastel. Such a large selection allows you to arrange a flower garden for every taste. Some types of garden roses are quite popular in our area, while others only appear in shops and flower beds of flower growers. It is worth taking a closer look at each of them, as well as seeing their features and photos.
Hybrid tea roses
This species includes a large number of varieties. For the first time, the hybrid tea species appeared in 1867 by accidental crossing. In the future, breeders managed to bring out flowers of various colors, differing in the shape and size of the bud.
These plants are short, upright bushes with large leaves. The height of the bushes may vary depending on the variety, on average from 60 cm to 80 cm. The size of the flowers is average, from 10 cm to 12 cm in diameter. They can be single or collected in inflorescences. The flowers are goblet in shape, and the young buds are elongated and sharp.
Flowering lasts about a month, after which the early varieties have a 15-day break, and the later varieties have a 30-day break. Further, the bush begins to bloom again. New buds form until mid-autumn.
Ground cover view
This type of garden rose was bred in the 1970s. It differs from other species with its open shoots and small flowers. Were taken as a basis miniature varieties and climbing rose Vihura. Thanks to this relationship, different types of ground cover roses:
- plants with small flowers and very flexible horizontal shoots that can grow one and a half meters wide and half a meter high;
- plants with large flowers, growing more than half a meter in height, and about one and a half meters in width;
- plants with small drooping flowers and solid arcuate shoots, capable of spreading in width for a distance of about one and a half meters, and reaching up to 1 meter in height;
- plants with large drooping flowers growing above 1 meter in height and 1.5 meters in width.
Such flowers are capable of densely covering the ground, like a carpet. Perfect for landscaping garden areas. They are able to get into even the most inaccessible places where other flowers would take root with difficulty.
Climbing roses
A large number of different varieties have been used to create the look. They took as a basis the wild climbing rose Multiflora, the Vihura rose, varieties of hybrid tea roses and floribunda.
The varieties are great for decorating the garden. With their help, you can not only decorate fences and flower beds, but also hide flaws and extensions in your yard.Even trunks of dead trees are suitable as a support. Climbing varieties will not only hide everything unnecessary, but also make a wonderful floral arrangement out of ordinary things. How it might look is well shown in the photo.
Floribunda
To create the species, multiple crosses of various varieties were carried out. This species was officially recognized in 1952. Floribunda bush rose is a compact plant. The height of the bush can be very different, there are both low-growing plants and tall ones. The inflorescences are terry, semi-double or simple, usually collected in lush inflorescences. In appearance, the buds can be confused with hybrid tea varieties.
Some Floribunda varieties have a pronounced aroma. Suitable for planting in front of flower beds and near curbs. Their flowering period is considered the longest. Even when cut, they can last for a very long time, while retaining their freshness and aroma. They are grown in the form of a bush or a standard tree. You can form a bush as shown in the photo.
Shrubs
This species was bred relatively recently. This group includes many varieties of garden roses that do not fit the description of other species.
The characteristic features of the species include:
- The specific shape of the flowers cannot be named. They can be terry, ordinary, nostalgic and antique. The color of flowers also has a great variety.
- Shrabs bloom for a long time, from June to late autumn. Most varieties have a pleasant, fragrant aroma.
- Most varieties are tall, and can reach up to 2 meters in height, some require support. They are distinguished by very rapid and rapid growth of shoots.
- They have high disease resistance, unpretentious. In winter, they do not require dense shelters.
Species roses
These shrubs came to us from Korea and Japan. The bush has long climbing branches, generously covered with paired hook-shaped thorns. Leaves are rich green. Most often, species of white roses are found, less often pink. The buds form pyramidal inflorescences. After the end of the flowering period, red fruits are formed on the bush, which can remain on it until spring. The flowering period is short, only a month, from June to July.
The best place to grow would be a bright, sunny area. Unpretentious to soil and care. The height of the bush can be different, from 60 cm to 150 cm in height. The plant is sprawling and can grow up to 3 meters wide.
Miniature roses
This species is similar to the dwarf forms of polyanthus roses. Bushes are compact and neat, often ball-shaped plants. The diameter of the bush is about 20 centimeters on average. The flowers have a pleasant aroma, small, up to 4 centimeters. The shape of the flowers resembles hybrid tea varieties, they can be single or make up inflorescences. The color is very different, most often very bright.
There are mossy and climbing varieties miniature roses. Mossy are capable of emitting aromatic substances. Climbing varieties have long branches, abundantly showered with small flowers. The flowering period is quite long. In indoor conditions, you can enjoy flowering all year round, with breaks of 60 days.
The fragile appearance of these flowers is not at all true. They are very hardy and strong. They grow in the most inappropriate conditions, both outdoors and indoors. Resistant to frost and fungal diseases.
Polyanthus roses
Polyanthus roses came to us from France. They are among the most abundant flowering species. The flowers are small, from 2 cm to 4 cm. Inflorescences can consist of twenty or even one hundred flowers.The flowering period is long, from June to mid-autumn.
The bush is compact, strongly branched, up to 60 centimeters in height. There is no smell. Flowers of different colors, red, pink, orange or white.
Also, by crossing hybrid tea varieties with polyanthus, roses with larger flowers were bred. They are more popular than the classic version. Inflorescences on such bushes are located at the end of the branches, as shown in the photo.
Repair roses
how garden flowers remontant roses were grown in 1837. For about 70 years they were at the peak of their popularity. At this time, up to 4 thousand varieties of this species were bred. They can bloom 2 times a summer, are resistant to temperature changes, and tolerate cold well.
Bush plant, tall, about 1.6 m in height. The flowers are rounded, cupped with a pronounced aroma. Bloom profusely in spring, more moderately in summer. The color of the flowers is varied, from light to dark red shades.
Tea roses
These are probably the most popular flowers. They are appreciated for their beautiful flower shape and delicate color. Previously, the branches of these flowers were very fragile, and broke at the slightest impact. Because of this, there have been many attempts at crossbreeding with other species. After crossing tea roses with bourbon roses, we managed to bring out roses with thick branches and good health.
Golden, pink and red tea roses are very popular. The color gradation makes them even more beautiful and sophisticated. Such bushes are able to decorate any site.
French roses
They are among the most ancient species. Poets of the Middle Ages sang them in their works. The bush of these flowers is compact and not very spreading. The branches are raised, densely covered with thorns. The flowering period is short, from June to July. Therefore, you should not miss this time to admire their flowers to your heart's content. The photo shows how beautiful they are.
French rose varieties are divided into double and semi-double. The color of the flowers is red or purple. These colors are considered rare for roses. French roses are also special in that they have a pronounced pleasant aroma. It is not difficult to grow them. The variety is unpretentious and hardy. It tolerates frost well, does not require dense shelters.
Conclusion
Garden roses include a wide variety of beautiful varieties. They have been flaunting on the flower beds of many flower growers for a long time. A variety of shapes and colors allows you to design your site for every taste. Garden rose varieties can grow both singly and in a bush. Some require support, while others creep along the ground. Photos and videos can only partially convey the beauty of the flowering of these plants. It is best to admire them live.
