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Honey mushrooms in the Voronezh region are widespread throughout the forest areas, where oaks and birches are found. Mushrooms only grow on old, weakened trees, deadwood or stumps. The species exists in the humid environment of mixed forests.
What types of edible mushrooms grow in Voronezh and the region
The weather conditions and the ecological system of the Voronezh region fully meet the biological needs of honey agarics. The spread of forestry, protected areas, the mix of tree species - all these factors are favorable for the growth of fungi from early spring to winter.
There are more than 200 types of mushrooms with high nutritional value and conditionally edible in the Voronezh region. Honey mushrooms are distinguished by the time of fruiting and the place of growth.
Spring - grow in deciduous areas near oaks, aspens, less often pines. Appear in May, after the establishment of above-zero temperature. A popular species among mushroom pickers is the forest-loving colibia. A honey mushroom with light flesh and a light brown cap has a pale spot in the center.
The most popular and widespread are summer ones. The color of the mushroom is brownish or dark yellow. They grow on birch residues or stumps.
Fruit bodies without a pronounced odor with a pleasant taste. Appears in July, after heavy rains. The harvesting season is short, the fruiting body reaches biological ripeness in 3 days.
Autumn mushrooms (pictured) have been harvested in Voronezh since the end of summer.
They grow on all types of wood in large groups. Externally, the fruit body is small in size, light brown in color. The cone-shaped cap is densely covered with small scales.
Winter mushrooms (pictured below) in the Voronezh region are harvested from October to spring.
A variety with a pleasant fruity aroma and a pronounced mushroom flavor. A rounded cap with a dark orange mucous surface. It is the only mushroom that bears fruit in winter, so it has no false counterparts.
Meadows are the largest representatives of the species; they grow in groups, forming a semicircle or long rows.
Long-term fruiting - from spring to autumn. They are found in glades, meadows, pastures, on roadsides. Fruiting is abundant only in open areas and moist fertile soil.
Where honey mushrooms grow in the Voronezh region
The main aggregation of the species is observed in oak groves and mixed forests. Large areas of forests in the Voronezh region are used in the woodworking industry. After the export of commercial timber, deadwood, stumps and remnants of illiquid assets remain. This is an ideal place for growing honey agarics of any season, except for meadow ones. The latter can be found just outside the city, near small reservoirs and rivers, in meadows among low grass.
Where honey mushrooms are gathered near Voronezh
In the suburban areas of Voronezh, you can collect mushrooms in several directions, a general overview of areas and settlements popular with mushroom pickers:
- Semiluksky district, the closest to the city.There is a pine forest and partially mixed tree species. The main direction is to the villages of Orlov Log, Fedorovka and Malaya Pokrovka.
- One of the largest mushroom places is forests and glades near the Somovo station. To collect meadow mushrooms, choose the northern direction from the station, for other varieties - the east.
- Near the settlements Sinitsino, Shuberskoe, Orlovo, Dubovka.
- Nizhnedevitsky district, Andreevka village at the Kastornoye station.
- Ramonsky district - the main distribution of meadow representatives near the villages of Yamnoye and Medovka.
- For forest specimens they go to the forests of New Usman.
And you can also collect a good harvest in the Voronezh region in the area of the Leather Cordon and Lake Maklyuk.
Forests where honey mushrooms grow in Voronezh and the Voronezh region
The main gathering places where autumn and winter mushrooms grow en masse in Voronezh:
- Usmansky Bor;
- Tellermanovskaya Grove;
- Forest of thorns;
- Cretaceous boron;
- Long forest;
- Khrenovsky bor.
On the territory of the Voronezh region, there are several reserves, where the collection of honey agaric is allowed in unlimited quantities and forestry, which are famous for the yield of the species.
Forests and reserves of the Voronezh region, where you can collect honey mushrooms
The main distribution area of honey agarics in the Voronezh region:
- Khopersky reserve. Located in the east of the region on the Khoper River, the forest area consists of mixed species of trees and shrubs.
- Shipova oak grove, on the Osered River, Voronezh region.
- The Kamennaya Steppe reserve is located in the watershed of the Chigla, Elan, and Bityuga rivers.
- Somovskoe forestry is a protected area, so travel by personal transport is prohibited.
- Novousmanskoe forestry is located in the Khokholsky district.
- Semilukskoe forestry, a large accumulation of honey agarics in the Ramonsky district.
A popular place for mushroom pickers in the Voronezh region is Levoberezhnoe forestry, located on the territory of the Kozhevenny cordon.
Do honey mushrooms grow in the Grafsky Reserve
The Grafsky Reserve is located in the south of the Voronezh Biosphere Reserve. The state-protected area is rich in numerous types of mushrooms. The land is well-groomed, there is no accumulation of dead wood and stumps on it. Honey mushrooms grow near the village of Krasnolesny, not far from the Grafskaya railway station.
When honey mushrooms grow in Voronezh
The honey agaric harvest continues throughout the year, each species bears fruit at a certain time. Spring is replaced by summer, then autumn and winter. The taste qualities of all representatives of the genus, except for the wood-loving colibia, do not differ much and the processing methods are also the same.
When can you collect spring mushrooms in the Voronezh region
Spring honey is not particularly in demand among mushroom pickers, many mistakenly refer to it as an inedible species. Colibia is quite suitable for consumption, grows on moss or deciduous cushions in oak groves. Appears from late April or early May, depending on weather conditions. The first fruiting bodies can be found at a temperature of +7 0C, after heavy rains.
When does the collection of summer honey agarics begin in Voronezh and the region?
The summer species is the most fertile. In a small area, up to three buckets of harvest can be harvested in a short time. The mushroom settles mainly near aspens or birches. In warm weather, the first families can be found in June, the main fruiting occurs in July and continues until the first frost.
When can you collect autumn mushrooms in the Voronezh region in 2021
The autumn representative does not bear fruit abundantly every year, it depends on the climatic conditions of the region and the biological characteristics of the species. If in 2018 the collection of honey agarics was not massive, then 2021 will bring a bountiful harvest. Mushroom picking begins at the end of the last summer month, when temperatures drop and seasonal rains begin. Autumn mushrooms are harvested in Voronezh before the first frost.
Winter mushroom picking season in Voronezh in 2021
Winter specimens appear at the moment when the mushroom season is completely over. Mushrooms grow quite high off the ground on the trunks of old trees. The first crop is harvested in November.The biological cycle continues until the air temperature drops to -100C. Fruiting bodies are 80% water; when frozen, their growth stops, but the nutritional value is completely preserved. At the first thaws, in the Voronezh region, it is about the end of February, they begin to grow again.
Collection rules
A feature of mushrooms is the ability to absorb and accumulate in the fruiting body not only useful substances, but also chemical compounds harmful to health. They do not gather crops near highways with active traffic, and are not suitable for "quiet hunting" areas adjacent to industrial enterprises, city dumps, since the chemical composition may contain heavy metals. Overripe fruiting bodies are not suitable for consumption due to the fact that during decomposition the protein releases toxins.
How to find out if mushrooms have appeared in Voronezh
Autumn representatives are not much in taste, but they are superior to summer ones. If the year is mushroom, you can take a good harvest, which is enough for winter harvesting. A sign that mushrooms have begun to grow in the Voronezh region will be their appearance on local markets. Mushrooms begin to grow after long August rains. If the weather is warm, then in about 10 days the first specimens will appear, and a week later the massive growth of colonies will begin.
Conclusion
Honey mushrooms in the Voronezh region are not only raw materials for home processing, but also a good income. Mushrooms are harvested in oak forests, mixed forests, on old trees felled by the wind, stumps, and wood remains. Fruiting from May to February, each member of the genus grows at a certain time of the year and is suitable for any processing method.
