Content
The Tamaris variety attracts cherry lovers with its characteristics. A detailed acquaintance with the advantages of Tamaris cherry and the description of the variety will allow gardeners to diversify the assortment of fruit crops in their garden and enjoy the unusually tasty berries.
Breeding history
A low variety of cherries bred by the breeder Morozova T.V. in VNIIS them. I.V. Michurina (Tambov region). Tamara Morozova specializes in breeding winter-hardy, undersized, high-yielding cherry varieties.
To obtain the desired result, the breeders treated the seedlings of the "Shirpotreb Chernaya" variety with the chemical mutagen EI at the seedling stage. The result of their long-term work was the Tamaris cherry, which received its name in honor of the originator.
Description of culture
The Tamaris variety belongs to the undersized species, therefore the adult tree is a natural dwarf.
An important advantage of the Tamaris variety is its high yield combined with compactness. It is the short stature that allows you to place a sufficient number of trees on the site, and also greatly facilitates the care of the crop and harvesting. The height of an adult cherry tree is not more than 2 m. Some specimens of "Tamaris" can reach a height of 2.5 m.
"Tamaris" is recommended by originators for cultivation in the Central Black Earth and North Caucasian regions. Often "Tamaris" is used by gardeners summer residents for landscaping and landscaping of the site, creating compact orchards.
Brief characteristics of the Tamaris cherry variety:
- Cherry crown is spreading, not too dense, rounded. Differs in elevation, which can be seen quite clearly.
- The bark on the main branches and the cherry trunk is brown in color.
- Shoots are long, a small number of lentils are formed on them. The buds of the Tamaris variety are oval.
- Leaves are smooth without pubescence; denticles are located along the edges of the leaf plate. The cuttings are short.
- The inflorescences of the Tamaris cherry variety consist of medium-sized white pink flowers.
The big pride of gardeners growing tamaris cherry varieties is its fruits. They are large, rounded, dark red in color, excellent taste. The stone inside is also large, and the pulp is juicy, sweet and sour. Less acid, more sweetness. Therefore, at the first tasting, the taste of delicate berries makes a pleasant impression.
Vitamin C in Tamaris fruits contains 38 mg / 100 g, sugars almost 10%, acids 1.67%. The weight of one cherry is about 5 g. The transportability of the fruits of the variety is at an average level, so gardeners try to sell and process the harvested crop as quickly as possible.
Characteristics
The main characteristics of Tamaris cherry varieties, for which gardeners choose them for planting, should be described in more detail.
Drought resistance, winter hardiness
The species belongs to varieties with high winter hardiness. Without shelter, the cherry calmly withstands frosts down to -24 ° C. Drought resistance "Tamaris" is average. In periods of severe drought and heat, it is not worth leaving the tree without irrigation, otherwise you can lose a significant part of the harvest.
Pollination, flowering period and ripening times
The Tamaris variety is self-fertile. Fruiting on bouquet branches. The ovaries are formed during the period when the flowers are still closed. Therefore, the variety perfectly forms the harvest on its own. Pollinators for Tamaris cherries are optional. On the contrary, the variety is a good pollinator for other late-bearing species. However, the yield of the variety "Tamaris" significantly increases in the vicinity of cherries "Lyubskaya", "Zhukovskaya", "Turgenevka". Up to 16 buds are formed on the branch section that has grown over the year, half of which are flower buds.
This type of cherry is late ripening. Fruit formation occurs at a time when the destructive effect of spring frosts is no longer possible.
Fruit ripening occurs from the second half of July to early August.
Productivity, fruiting
"Tamaris" begins to bear fruit in the 2nd or 3rd year after planting.
This is an advantageous trait for gardeners, allowing them to get their first crop very quickly. One tree can be harvested up to 10 kg of ripe berries per season, when grown on an industrial scale - up to 80 c / ha.
Cherry life expectancy is more than 20 years. During this period, fruiting is stable, the quality, quantity and size of fruits does not decrease. The only factor that can affect the yield is the harsh climatic conditions, for example, in Western Siberia. In this region, the Tamaris variety is distinguished by a shorter life expectancy, a decrease in the fruiting period and the quality of the crop.
Scope of berries
Berries at Tamaris are much sweeter than the usual taste of cherries, therefore they have universal application. Cherry juices are delicious and rich. Frozen fruits perfectly retain their shape, juiciness and taste, and compotes have a pleasant aroma and bright cherry color.
The berries of the variety are suitable for drying, and the jam has a liquid consistency due to the juiciness of the cherries. Fresh fruits are superior to many varieties in terms of taste.
Disease and pest resistance
Disease resistance of the crop is quite high, the ability of the variety to resist coccomycosis is especially appreciated. Other fungal diseases also rarely affect Tamaris cherries.
Advantages and disadvantages
Like any other fruit and berry crop, the Tamaris dwarf cherry has its poles and minuses.
Benefits | disadvantages |
High yield | Obligation and timeliness of pruning in order to regulate the load on the tree. Branches break from a large number of fruits |
Disease resistance | |
Winter hardiness | |
Compactness and short stature | |
Self-fertility | |
Resistant to gusts of wind |
Landing features
Planting a new variety is not only an exciting event for every gardener. The health, duration of fruiting of the variety, as well as the quantity and quality of the crop, depends on how responsibly and competently you approach this process.
Recommended timing
Cherry varieties "Tamaris" can be planted in spring and autumn. If a spring planting is planned, then the event needs to be carried out before the buds on the seedling open. This usually happens in April. Autumn planting of trees is possible no later than October. But nevertheless, it is better to plant "Tamaris" in spring, so that the onset of early autumn frosts does not destroy the weak plant, and the seedlings have time to take root and prepare for winter.
Choosing the right place
Cherry "Tamaris" takes root well and bears fruit well in well-lit and ventilated areas. Therefore, it is important to choose such a place in the garden for her so that it meets her requirements.
For planting cherry varieties "Tamaris" it is necessary to select an area with loose, light loamy soil. If the soil structure is different from the required, then take appropriate measures to improve the soil composition. Be sure to lower the acidity to neutral pH if the soil is acidic.
Although the variety is undersized, a distance of at least 2 meters must be left between the plants.
What crops can and cannot be planted next to cherries
Different crops grow in the garden, therefore the development, fruiting and productivity of a cherry tree depends on the correct selection of neighbors. For "Tamaris" it is preferable to allocate a plot next to cherries, grapes or hawthorns.
But close proximity to apple, pear, plum, apricot or cherry plum is undesirable. The optimal distance between unwanted neighbors and Tamaris is 6 meters. In this case, all plants will get along well and bear fruit well.
Selection and preparation of planting material
A cherry seedling is considered to be of good quality if:
- the height of the tree is at least 1 m;
- it has a branched root system 20 cm long and several branches on the stem;
- it shows no signs of disease or damage to roots, bark or leaves;
- the age of the planting material is not more than 2 years.
It is recommended to purchase seedlings from trusted suppliers. Before planting, it is advisable to soak the roots of cherries for 2-3 hours and be sure to cut off the damaged parts.
Landing algorithm
Even a novice gardener can plant Tamaris cherries. It is important to adhere to the following agrotechnical recommendations:
- Dig a 50 x 50 cm planting hole.
- Check that the root system of the cherry seedling in a straightened state fits freely into the hole.
- Lay a drainage layer on the bottom of the pit, then a mixture of humus (1 bucket), superphosphate (40 g), potassium chloride (25 g), wood ash (1 kg). The soil mixture must be mixed well before planting.
- Before planting, drive in a peg for the subsequent garter of the cherry seedling.
- Place the seedling on the north side of the peg, spread the roots, cover with earth.
- Tamp the soil, make a near-trunk circle, pour plenty of water (2-3 buckets).
- To mulch the periosteal circle.
And once again, briefly about the landing:
Follow-up care of the culture
Taking care of the Tamaris variety is quite simple. Cherries need watering, periodic loosening of the soil, top dressing and pruning.
Watering is regulated depending on weather conditions. A young tree needs 1-2 buckets every week. During the period of flowering, formation and ripening of fruits, the watering rate must be increased. After harvesting, watering "Tamaris" is necessary only as needed.
Cherries are fed from 3 years of age, provided that at the time of planting the soil was fertilized in accordance with the recommendations. In the spring, fertilizers are applied based on nitrogen, in the fall - potassium-phosphorus fertilizers.
Also, the Tamaris variety responds well to feeding with ash and mullein, which is applied twice during the season - at the time of flowering and 2-3 weeks after the first.
The variety needs regular pruning. If you skip the procedure for shortening branches, they can break under the weight of the crop.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
Cause of illness or injury | Prevention and treatment measures |
Rodents | Protecting the bark with dense material |
Cherry weevil | Timely insecticide treatment |
Moniliosis, coccomycosis | Treatment with preparations containing sulfur and copper, cleaning and burning of affected parts |
Chlorosis of leaves | Treatment with the drug "Chlorophyte" according to the instructions |
Conclusion
Cherry "Tamaris" - the best option for a small suburban area. Compact, low-growing trees greatly simplify the process of maintenance, pruning and harvesting. In addition, the variety does well without pollinators. The versatility of the use of berries allows you to minimize the number of varieties for cultivation and expand the range of fruit and berry crops in a limited space.
