Top dressing of pepper after planting in the greenhouse and soil

Pepper is one of the most common vegetables in vegetable gardens. It may seem like it is not easy to grow. Regardless of where this vegetable crop is grown, be it in the open field or in a greenhouse, it needs proper care and regular feeding. The peppers grown in this way will be strong and healthy, and most importantly, they will give a very generous harvest. In this regard, the question arises - how to feed the pepper after planting in the ground? In this article, we will look at which fertilizers use at different stages of pepper growth. We will also see how the care of peppers in the greenhouse and in the open field differs.

How is planting in the ground

Transplanting pepper seedlings into the ground begins in the last week of May. At this stage of growth, there should be at least 10 leaves on the sprout, and possibly a couple of flowers. At first, it is better to place the pepper under a shelter, especially if May turned out to be cold. You can build such a shelter with your own hands from scrap materials. For example, some people place metal or wood rods in an arc over a bed of peppers. Then they are covered from above with a film or other material. The film should not be fixed too securely so that the seedlings can be aired in the future.

It is also necessary to prepare the soil before planting. Nitroammophosphate and compost are added to it. Then pits are made in the soil. They should be 30 cm apart and 60 cm between rows. A large amount of water is poured into the prepared pits. You can also add very little potassium permanganate to the water. We place seedlings of peppers into the holes and cover with soil. The soil around the seedlings must be lightly tamped.

Pepper care after planting

The first feeding is carried out 2 weeks after planting in open ground. At this stage, the pepper can be fertilized with mullein solution. At the end of June, the period of flowering and active growth of the bushes begins. At this time, the pepper is especially in need of dressing. For these purposes, ordinary wood ash is suitable. You can immediately dilute it with water and water it or sprinkle it on the bushes, and then water the plants. After another three weeks, it is advised to feed with mineral fertilizers containing potassium and calcium. After the ovaries are formed, it is necessary to cut off the underdeveloped and small fruits. This will make the remaining peppers grow larger and stronger.

All peppers care after planting consists of the following steps:

• pepper seedlings need abundant and regular watering;
• peppers should not overheat in the sun;
• the soil must be loosened so that moisture can freely flow to the root system of the plants;
• fertilizers based on calcium and potassium will help seedlings have a higher resistance to various diseases. Their use is mandatory;
• in order to preserve moisture and nutrients in the soil, it is advisable to mulch the aisles;
• if the peppers are under cover, the film thickness should vary depending on the weather conditions. The greenhouse or shelter must be regularly ventilated;
• pepper should not be planted in one place for 2 years in a row.

Top dressing of peppers in the greenhouse

Even before planting seedlings, it is necessary to properly prepare the soil. The soil for growing pepper should be loose, moist and well heated. Carrots and onions are good precursors for this vegetable.

Priming in a greenhouse or greenhouse before planting peppers, fertilize with compost or rotted manure. If you do not have such an organic fertilizer, then you can pick up similar fertilizers in specialized stores.

The next subcortex is carried out only one and a half or two weeks after planting the seedlings in the ground. The third feeding takes place during the period of fruit formation on the bushes. It is advisable to carry out additional fertilizing of the soil in the greenhouse. For example, if you see the need of plants for some trace elements or when the seedlings are sick. The appearance of the plant will tell you when and what it needs.

The following signs may indicate a lack of micronutrients:

1. If the lower leaves become crimson, then the seedlings lack phosphorus.
2. Grayish and dull leaves indicate nitrogen deficiency.
3. The presence of dry leaves can mean that the pepper needs potassium.

Each of these micronutrients is responsible for a specific process in the growth and development of the pepper. So a good result can only be achieved by using all of them as needed. Keeping track of the growth and appearance of seedlings, this will not be difficult.

You can also add organic matter. In this case, you should be careful not to overdo it. Excess organic matter can negatively affect peppers. But a moderate amount of fertilizer will never be superfluous. Pepper seedlings react very well to carbon. To saturate the air in the greenhouse with it, you will need to install a special tank. It reheats the manure and releases carbon into the air. To do this, the tank is half filled with manure and half with water at room temperature. Such additional feeding will give strength to the seedlings and help to form strong and healthy shoots.

If the seedling does not develop well, you can help it with fertilizers. In this case, it is better not to use organic matter, especially manure, as it can burn the plants. But if it is not possible to add mineral complexes, then wood ash or nettle infusion can be used for feeding. For these purposes, nitrogen or phosphorus is perfect. Nitrogen has a positive effect on the growth and formation of a strong root system. Nitrogen works well on leaves and ovary formation.

Top dressing of peppers depending on growth

Above, we examined a standard set of dressings for sweet bell peppers. But do not forget that the composition of the feed directly depends on the age of the seedlings. The growth process is influenced by weather conditions and soil composition. Therefore, the need of bushes for trace elements may differ. Some of the growth characteristics also depend on the specific type of pepper. In cloudy weather, it is necessary to apply fertilizers, which include potassium. In these conditions, the pepper will need 20% more potassium than in warm sunny weather.

It must be remembered that fertilizers of each of the groups affect pepper seedlings in different ways. Mineral dressing can increase the growth rate of pepper. While organic fertilizers have a good effect directly on the fruits themselves and their quality. Thanks to organics, you can significantly increase the amount of the crop. For this, feed is used, which includes mullein or bird droppings.

It happens that the pepper grows rapidly, a large number of leaves appear on it, but there are no flowers.In this case, you should stop applying nitrogen as a supplementary feed. It would be better to use a superphosphate solution. A nutritional mixture can be prepared by combining the following ingredients:

• 2 teaspoons of urea;
• 2 teaspoons of superphosphate;
• 10 liters of water.

All ingredients are thoroughly mixed. This solution is used for watering peppers as fertilization stimulants.

Pepper seedlings growing in greenhouse conditions need more trace elements than peppers in the open field. Regular and timely feeding will help grow strong and healthy peppers. It must be remembered that during the growing season, pepper needs the following elements:

1. Nitrogen. Plays an important role in the growth and formation of fruits.
2. Calcium. Important for the growth of the stems and also during the ripening of the fruit.
3. Phosphorus. Essential for good fruiting.
4. Potassium. Required for grafting bushes and fruit formation.

Top dressing of peppers in the greenhouse in spring

Growing sweet peppers in greenhouses is very common, as it is very difficult to grow good peppers outdoors in most regions of the country. Therefore, you need to know how to properly care for peppers in such conditions.

Healthy seedlings at the beginning of growth must necessarily form a large number of ovaries. In the future, they will gradually fertilize and form fruits. After planting seedlings, pepper is especially needed for fertilizing with mineral fertilizers. Gardeners often use ash for the first feeding. It has excellent antifungal properties. May fight the most common disease in pepper, blackleg.

In the early stages of growth, pepper really needs calcium. Without this important element, the seedlings may begin to rot, and the ovaries will simply fall off. Lack of calcium can stunt plant growth. Burns resembling rust will appear on the leaves. If the necessary feeding is not applied in time, the seedlings will begin to wither, and as a result they will simply dry out. Lack of magnesium can affect the plant in a similar way. Each of the microelements is important in its own way, and if one is not enough, the formation of fruits may be very delayed or, at all, may not occur.

Top dressing of peppers in the summer

In the summer, this vegetable needs both mineral and organic fertilizing. Mineral fertilizers are most often dissolved in liquid, and then the seedlings are irrigated with this solution. Some minerals are sprayed onto the leaves. You can also prepare combined dressings by combining organic matter with minerals. When preparing such mixtures, you need to be careful with the amount of certain substances. Too concentrated solution can only harm the plants.

Combined feed mixes are more suitable for fertilizing peppers outdoors. In greenhouse conditions, organic matter and mineral fertilizers are usually used separately. It is important to saturate the air with nitrogen from time to time. To do this, use manure or dung, as described above. Alternatively, you can make a similar fertilizer from nettle. Such a plant can be found at any summer cottage. It doesn't take a lot of your time and effort. All you need to do is collect the green nettle and pour boiling water over it.

Top dressing of peppers in the open field

With the cultivation of pepper in the greenhouse sorted out. Now you need to consider how you should fertilize bell pepper seedlings in the open field. The seedlings require special nutrition during the flowering period. For those who prefer organic fertilizers, the following mixture is suitable:

• one kg of manure;
• half a kilogram of bird droppings;
• a bucket of water;
• two tablespoons of superphosphate.

All components must be displaced and left to infuse for 5 days.Instead of superphosphate, monophosphate or potassium sulfate will also work. They should be added to the solution in the amount indicated in the instructions. The prepared mixture is added to water for watering pepper seedlings. For 10 liters of water, one liter of solution is needed.

Also, during the flowering period, it is very important to use nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. They have a positive effect on the process of fruit formation, and give the plants more strength during the fruiting period. To saturate the soil with calcium, you can use calcium nitrate. On its basis, a 0.2% aqueous solution is prepared. This top dressing will serve as an excellent prevention of top rot.

For high yields, plants need insect pollination. They can be attracted to your site using one simple method. From above, the plants are watered with a special solution, which is prepared based on the following ingredients:

• 100 g granulated sugar;
• 2 g boric acid;
• 1 liter of plain water.

And during the fruiting period, it is advised to bring ash into the ground. It is simply sprinkled on the soil. One square meter will need two glasses of wood ash. It is not necessary to carry out all the above dressings. For the entire growing season, it is advised to fertilize the soil at least 2 times. For the first time, you can feed the soil with organic matter immediately 2 weeks after planting the pepper. For this, chicken droppings or manure are suitable. As a mineral supplement, you can use ready-made complex fertilizers. They are dissolved in water according to the instructions. For each pepper bush, you will need at least 1 liter of such a solution. After another 2 weeks after completing the first feeding, you can proceed to the second stage. This time, it is better to apply fertilizers containing nitrogen to the soil. During this period, the pepper needs it most of all.

Disease prevention

All vegetable crops suffer from pests and various diseases. Peppers, for example, are often susceptible to spider mite infestations. In order to start the fight against this small insect in time, it is necessary to conduct a thorough examination of the plants for signs of damage. In this case, white spots appear on the leaves. The ticks themselves are very small, and it will be quite difficult to notice them with the naked eye. They usually hide under the leaves. To rid the seedlings of pepper from this harmful "inhabitant", it is necessary to spray the bushes with special agents such as deriss and malathion. To prevent the appearance of a spider mite, you need to regularly water the seedlings.

No less rarely, this vegetable is attacked by aphids. In the fight against the pest, tobacco infusion can help. To prepare it, it will take 3 days to infuse a mixture consisting of 10 liters of water and 300 grams of tobacco. This solution should be poured over the affected peppers. The tool is also often used for prophylaxis.

Dandelion infusion is another option for pest control. For its preparation, use the roots of dandelions or the tops of plants. The plant is added to warm water and infused for three hours. This liquid is sprayed on the plants. For the prevention of viruses, you can spray seedlings with skim milk. Such treatment is especially necessary for sprouts in the first half of the growing season.

Top dressing during fruiting

It is possible to determine whether the bushes need feeding during the ripening of the fruits by the appearance of the peppers themselves. If the fruits are even and strong, and ripening passes quickly, then the plants, most likely, do not require additional feeding. Fertilizers should be applied in order to speed up the ripening process and make it more uniform. In this case, superphosphate and potassium salt are used. Such feeding is carried out only after the first fruits have already ripened.Organic fertilizers such as manure or chicken droppings can also be used. Potassium-phosphorus fertilizers or solutions with urea are suitable as mineral dressings.

Top dressing while peppers are stunted

If pepper is in your area begins to wilt or lose leaves, this can only mean that the bushes lack certain micronutrients. Also, in rare cases, excess minerals may be the cause. In such a situation, it is necessary to conduct a root and foliar feeding of peppers... The appearance of the peppers will help determine what the seedlings are missing. Matte gray leaves may indicate a lack of nitrogen in the soil. In this case, the sprouts are sprayed with a urea solution. If ovaries fall from the bushes, then the seedlings will need boric acid spraying. Poor fruit formation means that the plants have enough phosphates for me. An excess amount of nitrogen fertilizers may also be the cause. To eliminate the problem, it is advised to spray with a superphosphate solution, and the amount of fertilizers containing nitrogen will have to be reduced.

Basic Rules

When feeding peppers after landing in the ground, you must remember a number of the most important rules:

1. The planted seedlings should not be fed with a large amount of organic fertilizers.
2. The bulk of mineral fertilizers are applied in the fall before plowing the soil. The next feeding is done before planting the pepper. Further, we feed the plants several times during the entire growing season.
3. Nitrogen is added to the soil during the formation of ovaries. It has a positive effect on the formation of fruits. But an excess of this mineral can reverse the process, and the peppers will ripen much later. It can also threaten to reduce disease resistance.
4. Phosphorus in sufficient quantities significantly increases the rate of fruit ripening. In addition, it makes the roots stronger and more resistant to external factors. With a lack of phosphorus in the soil, the leaves of the pepper turn purple.
5. Potassium has a positive effect on the appearance of the fruit. The peppers become brighter and more colorful. The disadvantage of this element is expressed in the fact that the edges of the leaves acquire a reddish tint.
6. Lack of magnesium is manifested by the fact that young leaves begin to curl and turn yellow.
7. Before starting top dressing, it is necessary to carry out a special soil analysis in order to determine exactly what substances the seedlings need.

Conclusion

Planting pepper seedlings in a greenhouse or open ground is only the beginning of growing this vegetable crop. To get a rich harvest of these tasty fruits, it is necessary to enrich the soil with various organic and mineral fertilizers. Without such procedures, you can only count on small and not very beautiful peppers. But with very little effort, you can expect great results.

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