How to germinate tomato seeds for seedlings

Content

1 What you need to know about choosing seeds
2 What soil is needed for tomato seedlings
3 Preparing tomato seeds for germination
4 How long does a tomato grain germinate?
5 Germinating tomato seeds
6 Choosing containers for tomato seedlings
7 The time of planting tomato seeds for seedlings
8 Sowing tomato seeds in the ground
9 Watering sprouting seedlings

Sow tomato seeds for seedlings can be dry or germinated. Additionally, the grains are pickled, hardened, soaked in a growth stimulant, and someone can do without it. There are many seeding options. It is easier, of course, to place the seeds right from the pack into the ground and forget about them. However, in order to achieve good shoots, it is better to subject the seed material to all stages of processing before germinating tomato seedlings.

What you need to know about choosing seeds

To get a good harvest, tomato seeds must be selected correctly. For this, several main factors are taken into account:

All grains will germinate in room conditions, but it is necessary to take into account the region of growing future tomatoes. For areas with a cold climate, it is optimal to buy seeds of tomato varieties adapted to such conditions.
Even before buying tomato seeds, you need to decide on the place of growing the crop. In the southern regions, it is customary to grow tomatoes in the open field, and for cold areas, only a greenhouse can be a place for growing crops. Most of the bred tomato varieties are versatile, that is, they can grow in closed and open beds. But there are tomatoes that are designed for certain growing conditions. It is unacceptable to plant greenhouse varieties in the garden, and tomatoes intended for open ground in the greenhouse. This threatens with a decrease in yield, poor taste of the fruit, and even the death of plants.
When choosing tomato seeds, you must read on the packaging which type of bush is inherent in this variety. Tall bushes are called indeterminate. These tomatoes are better suited for greenhouses. Plants require more care associated with the formation of a bush, fixing the stems to the trellis, etc. Medium and low-growing tomatoes are called semi-determinant and determinant, respectively. These crops require less maintenance and are most often grown outdoors.

The rest of the selection criteria for seed depends on the preferences of the grower. It takes into account the future size of tomatoes, their purpose, shape, pulp color, taste.

Attention! Seed packs are classified as amateur and professional. Their difference is in the number of grains.

Small bags are small and usually contain up to 10 grains. Occasionally you can find packaging with 15–20 seeds. Professional packaging is large. Inside can be from 500 to 100 thousand grains of tomatoes.

What soil is needed for tomato seedlings

The soil must be taken care of even before the tomato seeds germinate. After all, sprouted grains must be sown immediately, otherwise the hatched embryos will die. The easiest way to buy soil is in a store. It already contains the entire complex of trace elements.

When self-preparing the soil, they take soil from the garden as a basis, add peat and humus. If the soil is very dense, wood sawdust or river sand is also added for looseness. Wood ash is used as a top dressing of the soil. Additional feeding mineral fertilizers:

potassium sulfate solution is prepared from 10 l of water and 20 g of dry matter;
the urea solution is diluted with water in a proportion of 10 g per 10 l;
superphosphate solution consists of 10 liters of water and 30 g of dry fertilizer.

All components can usually be purchased at the same retail outlets where the seeds are sold.

Attention! Purchased soil does not require additional feeding.

Preparing tomato seeds for germination

There are many ways to prepare tomato seeds for germination. We will consider the simplest and most common:

For disinfection tomato seeds immersed for 24 hours in a container with a solution of 0.8% vinegar. Then it is incubated for 20 minutes in a 1% manganese solution and washed with warm water.
Immersion of seeds in hot water with a temperature of 60^aboutFrom for half an hour.
The next process involves soaking the tomato kernels. They are placed for 24 hours in warm water at a temperature of 25^aboutFROM.
The last stage consists of hardening. Tomato grains are scattered on a platter, and put in the refrigerator for a day. Some growers increase the hardening time to 48 hours, which is also allowed.

Each grower has a different attitude to the seed preparation process. Some prefer to do without it, and immediately sow it into the soil from the package, others do not soak only the seeds of the hybrids.

How long does a tomato grain germinate?

Novice vegetable growers often have a question: “How quickly do tomato grains germinate? How many days will the seeds hatch from the soil if they are not soaked? " and others ... Indeed, such questions are important, since determining the time of sowing in the ground and obtaining ready-made seedlings depends on this.

How quickly a tomato grain germinates depends on its storage conditions and age. When buying seeds, you need to pay attention to the production time. For example, you need to take the same variety of tomato. Grain harvested 3 years ago will germinate in about 7 days, and last year's seed may hatch in 4 days.

In order for tomato seedlings to grow to the desired parameters by the time they are planted in a permanent place in the ground, you need to know how many days the first shoots should sprout. It should be noted right away that tomato seeds of any variety do not differ in terms of germination. It all depends on the sowing method. If the grains are placed in the ground immediately from the pack dry, then the sprouts will sprout on the tenth day. A previously soaked and hatched seed will show a sprout within 5 or 7 days.

The germination time depends on the depth of backfilling with soil, which should not exceed 10-15 mm. It is important to maintain a room temperature of 18-20^aboutC. Failure to comply with these parameters can significantly increase the timing of tomato seedlings.

Germinating tomato seeds

So, let's say the tomato seeds have been preliminarily prepared, and we begin to germinate them. For this process, you will need cotton cloth or ordinary medical gauze. Moisten a cloth with warm water, spread it on a plate or any tray. Sprinkle tomato grains on top in one layer, and cover them with the same damp cloth. Next, a plate with tomato seeds is placed in a warm place with an air temperature of 25 to 30^aboutC, and wait for them to hatch.

Important! During germination of tomato seeds, it is necessary to ensure that the tissue is always wet. If the moisture evaporates, the sprouts will dry out.

However, a large amount of water is unacceptable. The floating tomato seeds will just get wet.

Vegetable growers often stock up on melt or rainwater to soak seeds. The growth stimulants added to the water help speed up the hatching process. It can be store-bought preparations or juice from the leaves of aloe flower.

You need to know that tomato seeds hatch unevenly, and you need to monitor them. By this time, the planting soil should be ready. Grains with emerging embryos are immediately carefully sown, and the rest wait their turn until they hatch.

Important! A sprouted tomato seed is considered ready for planting when the sprout length is equal to the grain size.

Choosing containers for tomato seedlings

There should be no problems with the choice of container for sowing tomato seeds for seedlings. Specialized stores offer a huge number of plastic, peat and paper containers of various shapes. There are collapsible cups with a removable bottom and cassettes.Such products are inexpensive and affordable for any vegetable grower. As a last resort, you can take any disposable cups or make pots from PET bottles.

Attention! Before filling the soil, the containers must be disinfected for 30 minutes in a steep solution of potassium permanganate.

It is advisable to lay drainage at the bottom of each glass. These can be small pebbles or squashed shells.

The time of planting tomato seeds for seedlings

The strongest is considered to be tomato seedlings that have reached 60 days of age at the time of planting. The timing of sowing seeds is determined individually, depending on the climatic conditions of the region. For example, in the middle lane, early tomatoes for seedlings are sown from mid to late February. Greenhouse varieties of tomatoes are sown in the first decade of March. If the tomatoes are intended for open growing, sowing seedlings is preferable by the end of March.

Sowing tomato seeds in the ground

You can sow tomatoes for seedlings in separate cups or in a common box. Each grower chooses a convenient method for him. But the process of sowing seeds in the ground is the same:

A drainage layer is placed in the prepared container. Prepared soil with a thickness of 60 mm is poured on top. The soil is first tamped a little, watered, and then loosened.
If tomato seedlings will be grown in a box, it is necessary to make grooves about 15 mm in size on the ground. The grooves can be squeezed out by sliding your finger along the ground. It is important to maintain a distance of about 50 mm between the grooves.
If the seeds are sown in cups, 3 holes 15 mm deep are made in the soil. In the future, the strongest tomato is chosen from the three sprouted sprouts, and the other two are removed.
The prepared depressions are moistened with water at a temperature of 50^aboutWith or nutrient solution. The seeds are laid out along the grooves with a step of 30 mm. One grain of tomato is placed in the holes in the soil of the cups.
When all the seeds are in place, the holes are covered with loose soil, after which they are slightly moistened with a spray bottle. The soil with the sown tomatoes is covered with a transparent film, and the containers themselves are placed in a warm place with a room temperature of 25^aboutFrom to germination of seedlings.

The film is removed only after germination. During this period, the ambient temperature must not be allowed to drop, plus you need to take care of good lighting.

Watering sprouting seedlings

The first watering after sowing the seeds in the ground is performed on the tenth day. By this time, tomato sprouts are already massively hatching from the soil. They do not need a lot of moisture, so a teaspoon of water is poured under each plant.

The frequency of all subsequent watering until the first full leaves on the plant grow is 6 days. The soil under the plants should be slightly damp. A large amount of water will lead to silting of the soil. From this, the root system of the tomato will receive less oxygen and will begin to rot. The last watering of the seedlings is performed 2 days before the pick. At the same time, you can make fertilizing of tomatoes with mineral fertilizers.

The video shows the whole process of growing tomato seedlings from seedlings to picking:

That is, in principle, all the secrets of germinating tomato seeds for seedlings. Further, before planting in the ground with plants, there is still a lot of work to be done. This includes picking, feeding, plus adult seedlings must be hardened. But for these labors, the culture will thank the gardener with delicious fruits of tomatoes.

Germinating tomato seeds for seedlings