Content
Growing tomatoes involves not only competent care and pleasure from the harvest. Summer residents have to study diseasesthat are inherent in tomatoes and how to eliminate them. Cladosporium is a rapidly spreading disease, especially during periods of high humidity. The second name of the disease, which is more familiar to summer residents, is brown spot. It affects tomato beds in greenhouses and in the open air. Therefore, the fight against fungal disease is a hassle for all gardeners.
It is very easy to notice the signs of cladosporium disease. Light spots appear on the inside of the leaf, which gradually turn brown and the foliage begins to dry out.
It may not be possible to wait for the fruits on such bushes, they simply do not ripen. A spot is found at the place where the stalk is attached. Compared to late blight, this fungal disease is less dangerous for tomatoes, but leads to the loss of leaves on the bushes. In plants, photosynthesis is disrupted and productivity is sharply reduced. However, rotting of fruits, as with late blight, is not observed. You can eat tomatoes, but they are much smaller than their healthy counterparts. After all, the nutrition of the fruit is provided by the leaf mass, which suffers from cladosporia.
What will help keep the planting of tomatoes from cladosporiosis
Cladosporium is rarely seen in dry, warm climates. Therefore, in order to reduce the risk of plant disease, it is necessary:
- Reduce air humidity (especially in greenhouses) and provide the tomatoes with a sufficient temperature for development. For this, regular ventilation is carried out. In the open field, they try not to violate the tomato planting schemes, so that thickening does not lead to excessive moisture. If the humidity is below 70%, then you can not be afraid of the appearance of a formidable disease.
- Reduce watering during periods of mild drought... Tomatoes that are severely ill with cladosporia are best removed. On the rest, tear off leaves affected by brown spot and process.
- Thinning plantings... If the rows of tomatoes are not thickened, then cut the lower leaves to a height of 30 cm from the soil. This is also necessary with an excess of organic matter in the soil. Then the leaf mass is very powerful, which is the reason for poor ventilation of tomato beds and the rapid spread of cladosporium disease.
- Choose tomato varieties that are resistant to cladosporiosis... This is the most important factor for summer residents. Modern breeders develop varieties of tomatoes with certain properties. Disease resistance is the most requested parameter. On the packaging, instead of "resistant" may be indicated "tomato tolerant" to KS.
- Grow tomato seedlings on your own... Viruses and fungi can already be found on young tomato seedlings. Therefore, by growing your own selected variety and observing all the requirements of care, you will provide yourself with protection against cladosporiosis.
Cladosporium tolerant tomato varieties
Hybrid tomatoes are in great demand among summer residents. Hobbyists do not always collect their own seeds, so they are satisfied with the set of characteristics of hybrid varieties.
Several varieties for greenhouse cultivation. Well suited for regions with cool climates that require shelter of tomato beds.
Charisma F1
A hybrid that is resistant not only to viral diseases, but also to low temperatures.The fruits grow to a weight of 150 grams each. They are planted according to the 50x40 scheme with a density of 1 sq. m no more than 8 plants. Mid-season, cladosporium and tobacco mosaic resistant, which makes it popular with greenhouse tomato lovers. Suitable for any kind of use - fresh, pickling, canning. The bush grows in height from 80 cm to 1.2 meters, depending on growing conditions. Productivity from one bush reaches up to 7 kg.
Bohemia F1
A stunted representative of hybrids, which can successfully grow in the open field. Plant height no more than 80 cm. Fruits are medium - about 145 g, red. Disease resistance is high. The planting density is maintained at 50x40, the density of the placement of bushes per 1 sq. meter - 8 plants. The yield is lower than the previous variety, only 4 kg from one bush. It is not capricious in leaving, it requires loosening, weeding, fertilizing with mineral compounds.
Opera F1
A taller tomato for greenhouses - 1.5 m in height. Resistant to cladosporium and other diseases. The fruits are smaller, with an average weight of 100 grams. Early ripe, yield - 5 kg per bush. Fruits of excellent taste, suitable for pickling, canning and fresh dishes. They have a red tint and a rounded shape, there is no spot at the stalk.
Vologda F1
Carpal greenhouse tomato resistant to brown spot. Fruits are smooth and round, weighing 100 g. In addition to the named disease, it resists fusarium and tobacco mosaic well. Average ripening period. Productivity withstands up to 5 kg per plant. Looks beautiful with whole-fruit canning. Fruits are even, not prone to cracking. High product characteristics. The planting scheme is classic for greenhouses - 50x40, but the number of plants per 1 sq. m in total 4 pcs.
Ural F1
Cold-resistant and resistant to common tomato diseases. A large-fruited hybrid, the mass of one tomato can be 350 g, which is very beneficial for greenhouse tomatoes. Although the area of use is limited, it is best used in salads for fresh consumption. With a 50x40 planting scheme, only 4 plants are planted per square meter. The height of the bush in the greenhouse is more than one and a half meters.
Spartak F1
Mid-season and tall hybrid with excellent taste characteristics. Suitable for fresh use and blanks. Very high commercial characteristics - uniform, rounded fruits. It is possible to grow in open ground with the formation of a bush. It responds well to nutrition with mineral fertilizers, regular weeding and loosening.
Olya F1
An early ripening hybrid that can withstand low temperatures. Bushes form. Simultaneously forms three inflorescences-brushes in the place of the bookmark. Each cluster has up to 9 fruits. The fruits ripen very quickly, the total yield is up to 26 kg per 1 sq. m. advantages of a hybrid:
- does not react to heat and low temperature;
- develops well in low light;
- resistant to cladosporiosis, HM virus, nematode.
Designed for use in salads.
Moving on to varieties of tomatoes that are resistant to cladosporia and grown in the open field.
Red arrow F1
Reputed to be a very reliable hybrid among gardeners. It copes well not only with cladosporium, but also late blight. Early ripening and fruitful, with excellent taste and aroma - the dream of every summer resident. The bushes are undersized and slightly leafy, so there is no need for pinching. The fruits are fleshy, even in shape with a rich red tint. Brushes are arranged through 1 leaf; in total, up to 12 brushes are formed on the bush. In addition to resistance to formidable diseases (cladosporium and late blight), it is not affected by nematodes and pathogenic bacteria. It stands out for its excellent transportability.
Our Masha F1
According to summer residents, it is the best variety of all medium early and resistant to cladosporiosis. The first inflorescence forms above the 10th leaf. Productivity is recorded up to 10 kg per 1 sq. m of area (4 plants) with a planting scheme of 50x40. Also suitable for greenhouse cultivation. The fruits are cuboid, very fleshy, weighing 185 grams.The advantages of the variety include:
- resistance to cladosporium disease and extreme weather conditions of cultivation;
- commodity characteristics;
- stable yield;
- large-fruited.
Titanic F1
Tomato, beautiful in fruit shape, resistant to cladosporium disease. Large-fruited is another indisputable plus for lovers of large tomatoes. Medium early, with a tall bush, requiring the formation of one stem and the timely removal of stepsons. The foliage is good, the skin of the fruit is thin, so the tomatoes should be transported in a container in one row. Suitable for shelter and outdoor cultivation. In greenhouses, the tomato yield is 18 kg per 1 sq. m, and in the open field up to 35 kg from 1 sq. m.
Fast & Furious F1
Early ripening with excellent taste. Resistant to
diseases (cladosporium, verticillium wilting, fusarium, apical rot and powdery mildew). Great for preparing meals and preparations. The weight of one fruit is 150 g, the shape is slightly reminiscent of a plum. It is highly appreciated by gardeners for its resistance to heat and transportability. There are few stepsons, the brush is simple and compact.
Crunch F1
An excellent late-ripening hybrid with a long shelf life.
In addition to the original color, it has a melon-like aroma. The fruits really have a crispy texture that attracts many fans of unusual tomatoes. The features of the hybrid are:
- shade tolerance;
- unusual color;
- density and uniform color of fruits.
Tomato bushes are tall, leafiness is medium. The fruit is harvested when the olive color begins to take on a slightly yellow tint. The harvest is stored in the dark and at a temperature not exceeding 17 ° C. Such conditions will ensure the safety of the tomato until the end of February.
Conclusion
Among the popular varieties of tomatoes that are resistant to cladosporiosis, one should note Winter Cherry F1, Evpator and Funtik. Good reviews from summer residents were received by "Swallow F1", "Paradise Delight", "Giant", "Business Lady F1". All of them show good cladosporium resistance and yield. Therefore, for gardeners there is a decent selection of varieties that can withstand diseases for growing on the site.
