Content
- 1 Types of rose diseases
- 2 Fungal diseases
- 3 Bacterial diseases
- 4 Viral diseases
- 5 Root rot
- 6 Non-communicable diseases
- 7 Rose pests
- 8 Rules for processing roses
- 9 How to treat roses from diseases and pests
- 10 Home rose diseases and treatments
- 11 Prevention and protection of roses from diseases and pests
- 12 Conclusion
Diseases of roses and the appearance of pests have a negative effect on the intensity of flowering. The “Queen of the Garden” is a very fastidious ornamental crop with a weak natural immunity. In order to grow a healthy plant, you need to know the main diseases of roses and their treatment, then the photo shows the most common ailments of various varieties.
Bushes bloom really magnificently and beautifully with timely treatment of diseases and elimination of pests
Types of rose diseases
The most common diseases of rose bushes can be classified into main groups:
- fungal;
- bacterial;
- viral;
- root rot;
- non-communicable diseases.
The causative agents of fungal and viral diseases of roses are successfully activated during wintering
Fungal diseases
Bush fungal diseases spread very quickly. They attack the root system and ground parts.
In order to achieve constant flowering, you should carefully study how to treat rose diseases. In the photo below you can see the main fungal diseases of the "queen of flowers"
Due to infection with fungal diseases, bushes and buds lose their decorative appeal
Powdery mildew
Powdery mildew is caused by fungi of the genus Sphaerotheca pannosa, which overwinter in plant buds. Powdery mildew develops intensively on young shoots, but this ailment can be safely called a rosebud disease.
Massive damage to dry foliage occurs at the height of dry summer. Healthy leaves quickly curl up, dry out. In case of illness, the stems become covered with a noticeable white coating, similar to flour. For the prevention and treatment of powdery mildew, the following measures are taken:
- plants are planted in well-drained, sunny areas;
- the planting scheme should contribute to sufficient ventilation of the bushes (30-40 cm for medium-sized varieties, 40-60 cm for tall ones);
- feeding with organic and mineral fertilizers with a high nitrogen content;
- sanitary pruning and timely burning of diseased shoots;
- watering exclusively in the morning;
- spraying with 1% soda solution with laundry soap.
The use of drugs for rose diseases before and after flowering with an interval of 10-15 days (Fundazol, Topaz, Fitosporin-M) allows you to effectively fight powdery mildew spores.
The uniqueness of the fungal disease lies in the fact that moisture is not needed for the growth and development of pathogenic microflora.
Downy mildew or downy mildew
The causative agent of rose disease is downy mildew mushroom Pseudoperonospora sparsa, which actively reproduces in dampness and heavy rainfall. When rose bushes are affected by spores of this fungus, a white powdery coating appears on the underside of the leaves. The upper part of the leaves is stained with reddish-brown spots with a purple tint, which multiply from the edge of the leaf to the central vein.
With downy mildew, the petals on the buds turn black and fall off
Rust
Rust is the second most common disease (after powdery mildew) affecting flower bushes. The fungus can be recognized by its characteristic yellow-orange, bright spores on the lower foliage, stems, and young shoots. In order to prevent the development of such a disease of the rosebud, it is necessary to take preventive measures:
- the correct choice of landing site;
- adherence to the landing pattern;
- timely feeding with nitrogen-containing preparations;
- morning watering.
When rust appears, the bushes are treated with fungicides for the most common diseases of rose shoots: Fitosporin-M, Topaz.
On bushes, rust disease can manifest itself on all terrestrial parts of the plant.
Black spot or marsonina
The cause of the disease of flower bushes is black spot (marsonina) is an infection with the fungus Marssonina rosae. The disease manifests itself in early spring as rounded or star-shaped spots of dark brown, purplish-white colors, which turn black over time. The foliage gradually falls off, the plant loses the property of frost resistance. The most often susceptible to the disease is tea rose, climbing and polyanthus. Prevention and treatment of marsonina consists of the following measures:
- planting in well-lit areas with sufficient drainage;
- collection and burning of fallen leaves in autumn, this is the main source of dislocation of fungal spores;
- loosening the soil at the end of autumn, which contributes to the freezing of the fungus in the winter;
- alternate treatment with zinc- or manokoceb-containing fungicides (Skor, Topaz, Profit Gold).
The photo below shows what the black spot disease of roses looks like:
Disease necrosis covers the foliage, gradually spreading to the central stem and young shoots
Rusty-brown spotting or ceproscorosis
Disease rusty-brown spotting (chainroscorosis) is manifested by reddish-brown necrosis. The diameter of the spots is up to 6 mm.
The causative agent of rose disease is ceproscorosis - a fungus of the Cercospora rasiola family
Whitish spotting or septoria
Disease whitish spotting (septoria) occurs when flower bushes are affected by the fungi Septoria rosae. Small whitish specks with a delineated black rim appear on the foliage.
Whitish spotting is a disease that is treated with a new generation of fungicides
Crimson spot or sphaceloma
The causative agent of the disease of flower bushes, crimson spot (sphaceloma) is the fungus Sphacelomarosarum. Its presence can be seen in the form of small “freckles” of black and purple color.
Treatments for crimson spot disease are the same as for marsonin
Branches burn
An infectious burn is a fungal disease of the bushes. It is provoked by the pathogenic fungus Coniothyrium wernsdorffiae. Rose disease manifests itself in early spring with extensive brown spots with a reddish-brown border in the area of the shoots. The bark cracks, deep wounds appear on the stems. For prevention, it is necessary to cover the flowers for the winter, do not overfeed with potash and nitrogen fertilizers.
Bushes affected by an infectious stem burn cannot be cured, the plant should be burned
Cytosporosis
The causative agent of rose disease is the fungus of the same name. Convex brown tubercles appear on the bark, which eventually become wet and exfoliate. Shoots die off, the plant gradually dies.
To fight and prevent the disease, cytosporosis is used modern fungicides before bud break, in early spring
Gray rot or botrytis gray
The causative agent of the disease of roses gray rot is considered to be gray botrytis, which often passes to plants from grape, tomato and peony bushes. Botrytis spores are especially dangerous in wet but cool enough weather. On foliage, shoots, a smoky-gray bloom first appears, which later becomes black spots. Rose petals are covered with round spots of a lighter shade. After a short period of time, the entire flower from the disease "dresses" in a gray "outfit" and completely rots.
If gray rot is detected, the affected shoots are completely cut to the level of the second healthy bud
Bacterial diseases
The bacterial diseases of roses presented in the video are practically incurable. In order to prevent the infection of rose bushes with such ailments, it is necessary to cut the plants in a timely manner in calm and dry weather, use sterile garden tools, and monitor the condition of the seedlings when buying.
Rose bushes are not always immune to disease.
Bacterial root cancer
Bacterial root cancer disease can be recognized by lumpy growths on the root collar, which turn black over time. With the main symptoms of infection by the bacterium Rhizobium, the root rot. For treatment, complete disinfection with a 1% solution of copper sulfate for 3-4 minutes is most effective.
Rhizobium bacteria, which cause bacterial root cancer, can survive in soil for about 3-4 years.
Bacterial stem cancer
Bacterial stem cancer disease is caused by the rod-shaped bacterium Pseudomonas lilac. The bark on the stems becomes covered with brown spots, flakes off and dies off, forming ulcers. Watery dark spots appear on the leaves, which fall out in dry weather, forming holes with dark edges. If bacterial stem cancer is detected, the affected shoots are completely removed, the bush is disinfected with 6% copper sulfate, the cut sites are treated with an oil-containing composition.
In order to prevent in early spring, roses are treated with Bordeaux liquid or other bactericidal agents.
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of roses are of great danger. Fighting them is an integral part of agricultural technology.
Viral wilting of roses
Viral wilting is a dangerous disease that begins to manifest itself after plant grafting. Leaves are deformed, dry out, buds and peduncles do not differ in a healthy appearance. As a measure to combat this disease, pruning of affected shoots to the 3rd healthy bud, burning of plant residues is used.
At first glance, the disease of viral wilting is very difficult to diagnose, since the plant simply lags behind in growth.
The viral mosaic of the rose cut
The disease Arabis Mosaic virus (ApMV) most often affects old, weakened, frost-damaged bushes. Some growers note the presence of huge colonies of thrips, which are carriers of the disease. Mosaic yellow-milky patterns on the foliage of roses are the main signs of a viral mosaic of razuha. The affected parts are cut off and burned, the bushes are twice treated with immune drugs and modern insecticides.
In case of local infection with a mosaic virus, the bush is completely eliminated
Jaundice, striped leaves of roses and VKP
Jaundice, striped leaves and ring spot virus (VKV) are very dangerous viral diseases that can infect plants when using non-sterile garden tools, with weakened immunity. Often viral ailments are provoked by numerous pests. In order to effectively combat rose diseases associated with viruses, it is necessary to timely implement a set of preventive measures for known pests of this garden culture.
Bushes affected by viral diseases lag behind in development and flowering
Root rot
Root rot is the most common flower disease. They can be provoked by frequent watering, an incorrect feeding scheme, a lot of weeds in the garden, or leftover leaves from last year.
Tracheomycotic wilting
Tracheomycotic wilting is an unpleasant disease of rose bushes, which is provoked by the fungus Fusarium. Most often, a pathogenic fungus attacks a culture with improper agricultural technology:
- when placing the rosarium in strong shade;
- with a close location of groundwater;
- in the absence of drainage.
Active spores of the pathogenic microflora affect the vessels that deliver the main food to the root neck. Shoots, leaves wither and dry up, the plant dies. To combat the disease of rose bushes, tracheomycotic wilting, a thorough treatment of the root system in a 3% solution of potassium permanganate or a modern drug Gamair is used.
Spores of Fusarium fungi, which cause tracheomycotic wilting disease of bushes, persist in the ground for several years
White sclerocial rot
White sclerocial rot is a dangerous disease of rose bushes, visually manifests itself on the root collar. The appearance can also signal the onset of the disease:
- weak flowering;
- slow development of shoots;
- premature wilting of foliage and shoots.
A white, cotton-like bloom appears on the root collar, which eventually spreads to the stem.
There are no ways to combat this disease of rose bushes, except for culling and complete destruction of infected bushes
Non-communicable diseases
Non-infectious diseases of rose bushes can be caused by various reasons, which do not depend on the epidemiological state of the area. They can arise due to improper agricultural techniques during planting, weather, poor immunity, metabolic disorders and the process of photosynthesis, unfavorable soil composition. Such non-infectious diseases of the climbing rose and other species are common.
Chlorosis
Chlorosis is an unpleasant disease of rose bushes, which is manifested by a change in the color of the leaves to pale yellow. Over time, the vegetation slows down noticeably, the leaf plates dry out completely. The disease occurs for the following reasons:
- inconsistency of the acid composition of the soil;
- incorrect selection of fertilizers;
- insufficient watering.
In order to prevent the development of chlorosis, you should fertilize and water the rose bushes in a timely manner.
Sunburn
Sunburn is a dangerous non-infectious disease of rose bushes, which is caused by an increase in air temperature under the influence of bright sunlight. Foliage, young shoots, buds turn red-brown, become tough.
To prevent direct sunlight, young bushes should be slightly shaded in hot weather
Physiological aging
Physiological aging of rose bushes is diagnosed according to the following criteria:
- regrowth of rootstock shoots;
- dieback and noticeable thickening of the stems;
- a record low number of buds.
The development of fungal, viral, bacterial diseases is also a sign of aging of flowers.
If all the signs of physiological aging of roses are "on the face", you need to take care of rejuvenation and replacing the plant with a new one.
Lack of nitrogen
The lack of such a macroelement as nitrogen is manifested by a slowdown in growth.Shoots and foliage become noticeably smaller, since the process of production of chlorophyll, a green pigment, on the formation of which the process of photosynthesis is based, is inhibited. Pale leaves are unable to provide adequate nutrition for the plant, so flowering gradually stops.
With a lack of nitrogen, rose bushes tolerate winter frosts worse, I can infect with fungal diseases
Lack of potassium
With an insufficient amount of potassium in the composition of complex dressings, the leaves of roses are covered with red pigment, greatly inhibiting development. Young leaves most often suffer from a lack of potassium, since chroloplasts (green plastids), with a deficiency of this macronutrient, turn into chromoplasts (red-orange plastids).
The disease of necrosis of leaf plates is most intensely manifested along the edge
Lack of phosphorus
With a small amount of phosphorus in the composition of the fertilizer, the ventral surface of the foliage turns red, and the lower one becomes dark green. Leaf plates are small and fall off very quickly.
Lack of phosphorus for rose bushes is manifested by poor bud formation
Lack of iron
Iron is a useful trace element for feeding roses. It is best to process the ground part of the plants with mineral fertilizers with a sufficient iron content in early spring at the beginning of the growing season (citric acid iron, ferrous sulfate)
With a lack of iron, the green apical leaves turn yellow, dry out, they are more susceptible to diseases and pests
Lack of magnesium
Magnesium is a valuable trace element that is part of the green pigment, which is responsible for the process of photosynthesis in the light. With its deficiency, rose bushes lose their foliage. Necrosis progresses along the central vein.
A balanced amount of magnesium in the composition of complex mineral fertilizers is the key to beautiful, glossy foliage on roses
Lack of manganese
Manganese deficiency affects leaf tissue located between the veins. A deficiency can occur in diseases of the root system, when the plant receives trace elements as part of complex preparations, but due to illness (for example, rhizome cancer) cannot assimilate them.
Most often, the disease affects adult rose bushes.
Chemical burn of roses
Rose bushes can get a chemical burn due to the frequent use of insecticides, fungicides, pesticides, or when the permissible concentration is exceeded. In some cases, troubles can occur due to violations of agricultural technology: insecticide treatment at air temperatures above + 25 ⁰С.
To protect rose bushes from chemical burns, you should strictly adhere to the instructions for the use of chemicals
Rose pests
A large number of insects settle on rose bushes throughout the growing season. Among the most common pests affecting roses are spider mites and aphids.
Spider mite
A spider mite is an arachnid insect that most often settles in rose gardens in hot, dry weather, from + 29 ⁰С. During the growing season, the pest is capable of producing up to 5 generations. Colloidal sulfur, Iskra-M and Fufanon preparations are used to fight insects.
The pest manifests itself by the formation of light spots on the leaves of roses, followed by drying
Golden bronze
Golden bronze, or "May beetle", eats flowers of roses during the budding period, as well as flower stalks and young shoots. As a result of the pest's vital activity, rose bushes completely lose their decorative appeal. Since the beetles hide in the soil at night, in the evening the ground near the plants can be poured with insecticide solutions (Diazinon, Medvetoks, Prestige).
Usually pests are collected and destroyed in the early morning, when they sit motionless on rosebuds.
Rose sawflies
Rose sawflies feed on foliage, young shoots of roses.Treatment of the rosary in early spring with organophosphorus preparations (Antara, Inta-Vir, Aktellik) is most effective against the pest.
Pests penetrate the inner part of the shoot, after which the branch completely dies
Aphid
Aphids are one of the most common parasites. The pest breeds throughout the summer. The insect sucks out juices, deprives plants of vitality. Many fungal diseases of roses and aphids are inextricably linked, since the parasites secrete a sweet substance that is considered an ideal breeding ground for pathogenic microflora.
To destroy pests, you can use folk methods (treatment with soapy water, wood ash, ammonia)
Scoop larvae
The scoop caterpillars are nocturnal. Pests live in the soil. Small larvae settle on the underside of green leaves, feed on sap.
The activity of the larvae of the scoop causes invasion - drying and falling of the leaves of roses
Leaf cutter bee
The leaf cutter bee cuts oval pieces of regular shape from the delicate leaves of roses. Like scissors, pests on the leaves of a rose carefully cut the leaf plates necessary to build their own nest.
To combat the leaf-cutting bee, systemic drugs are used
Rules for processing roses
Modern means for processing ornamental plants require proper agricultural technology:
- removal of the seasonal shelter when a stable average daily air temperature is established not lower than + 5 ⁰С (in the daytime up to + 10 ⁰С, in the evening up to - 4 С);
- visual inspection of rose bushes 3 days after opening (wintering);
- uncooking by hand, washing off the remnants of the earth from the trunks with warm water;
- pruning dry, fattening, weak, frozen, rotting, and also developing inside the bush shoots, branches on the 4th day after removing the winter protection with the help of disinfected garden tools;
- cleaning the area where the rose garden is located from debris, fallen leaves;
- the actual time for processing is morning and evening hours, when the plants are maximally protected from the scorching sun rays;
- ideal weather is a warm, calm day.
Taking into account some "capriciousness" of the garden rose, experienced flower growers recommend compulsory spring treatment of bushes with copper sulfate (spraying to destroy pathogenic microflora) immediately after pruning the branches.
After that, only a day later, you can feed the plants with complex preparations, and after another week - treat the rosary for the first time against pests.
The second treatment for pests is carried out on the 20th day.
In addition, the gardener needs to take care of personal safety himself:
- rubber footwear;
- a waterproof cape or raincoat;
- goggles and headgear;
- respirator.
The competent use of modern drugs will allow you to get lush blooming rose bushes without diseases
How to treat roses from diseases and pests
Not all modern remedies are suitable for the "queen of flowers". Especially during the budding period, one should be careful when choosing preparations, since flowers attract bees and it is very important to spray the rose garden with safe means.
The scheme for treating roses from diseases and pests is simple. For example, the most accessible and inexpensive method is treatment with 0.4% copper oxychloride or a mixture of copper (3%) and ferrous sulfate (1%) in early spring (before shoot growth). This agricultural technique copes well with fungal diseases, but negatively affects the growth of plants. The rate of the drug for prevention is 100 g of vitriol per 10 liters of water.
The better to treat roses from diseases and pests in early spring
Processing roses in the spring for diseases and pests is one of the mandatory agricultural techniques in terms of comprehensive care.
In early spring, the first root feeding is recommended with the following organic and biologically active preparations:
- chicken droppings;
- urea;
- a mixture of potassium sulphide and superphosphate.
Liquid preparations are distributed on the root circle, directly on the ground by spraying.
The solution is diluted in the required proportion, mixed thoroughly, and a small drop nozzle is installed on the spray bottle
Insect control
During the phase of active growth of shoots, it is recommended to use chemical insect control agents, such as Fitoverm, Iskra-Bio.
Before the opening of the buds and the beginning of budding, Akarin, Confidor, Aktara are most effective.
During the completion of the process of unfolding the sheet plate, it is allowed to use drugs of the Nitrafen type
Fight disease
Many chemicals have a prolonged action, accumulate in plant tissues, and are safe for earthworms. In the spring, for prophylaxis, it is imperative to treat roses with antifungal drugs and biological dressing agents, such as copper oxychloride, Cuprolux, Abiga-Peak, HOM, Fitosporin.
In case of manifestation of real signs of the disease, rose bushes can be treated with contact or systemic fungicides: Makim-Dachnik, Horus, Skor, Fundazol.
Preparations should not be mixed or used together; when using, you should carefully study the instructions.
Folk methods are quite effective in combating rose diseases:
- manure-ash mixture from powdery mildew (0.2 kg of wood ash, 1 kg of cow dung, 10 liters of water insist for 7 days);
- fresh juice and milkweed extract from rust (“rusty” spots on the foliage of roses are smeared with fresh juice, or 2 kg of leaves, stems and roots of milkweed are poured into 10 liters of warm water and infused for a day).
The interval during the spring treatment of roses from pests and diseases by various means should be at least 2 weeks.
The earlier the problem is identified and treatment is started, the faster the recovery process will take place.
How to spray roses from diseases and pests in summer
On summer days, most often rose bushes attack spider mites, which can be eliminated with the help of regular irrigation with water. In case of serious danger, plants can be treated with modern insecticides.
If the summer is rainy and rainy, for the prevention of diseases, you can use drugs such as: Funginex for mold, Tilt for rust and Kuprozan for fungi.
Polycarbocin is ideal as a complex remedy for the summer treatment of roses from many diseases
How to treat roses from all diseases and pests in the fall
Autumn processing of rose bushes is included in the compulsory agricultural technology plan, since at the end of the season the plants are prepared for wintering.
Experts distinguish several stages:
- The first - after the completion of the flowering of roses, treatment with a solution of wood ash is shown (at the rate of 1.5 kg of ash per 5 liters of water). The mixture is boiled for 30 minutes, defended, cooled, add 1 tbsp. l. salt, 1 tbsp. l. turpentine, 200 ml of liquid soap. Bring up to 15 liters with water. The shoots are sprayed with the prepared mixture. The classical treatment of the first stage consists in spraying with Fitosporin, which is effective against most rose diseases.
- The second is spraying with a 3% solution of ferrous sulfate, and after a few days - with a 1% mixture of Bordeaux liquid.
Autumn pest control will prepare rose bushes for the upcoming cold weather
Home rose diseases and treatments
Domestic miniature roses can be affected by fungal and bacterial diseases, like garden relatives. The following ailments of indoor roses are most common:
- Powdery mildew - white bloom on leaf plates and stems. The green parts of the roses dry out and fall off. Very often, the cause of the appearance of powdery mildew can be a lack of fresh air, frequent watering, sufficient close proximity to other indoor plants.
When the first signs of the disease are detected, a rose in a pot must be treated with drugs such as Fundazol and Topsin
- Downy mildewand is manifested by the formation of a white coating on the underside of the leaf.
The upper part of the leaf blades of roses is covered with yellow spots with downy mildew
- Rust on indoor roses can be identified by brown-orange pustules on various parts of the plants. Spots can appear due to excessive moisture in the soil and the shoots themselves. When watering roses, the settled water must be poured, avoiding contact with the shoots.
Modern fungicides effectively deal with rust on indoor roses
If the rules of agricultural technology are violated, pests such as spider mites, aphids, and thrips can attack indoor "beauties".
Vermitic, Fitoverm, Apollo are quite effective in the fight against parasites on indoor roses.
Prevention and protection of roses from diseases and pests
To protect the rose garden from diseases and pests, gardeners very often use folk methods of struggle. Treatment with solutions prepared with your own hands will help protect rose bushes from death:
- tobacco solution;
- wormwood;
- hot pepper;
- sorrel rhizomes;
- soap compositions.
Folk remedies for combating ailments and pests on rose bushes will not harm bees and other insects
Plants - protectors of roses
Close proximity to some ornamental and horticultural crops will help scare off pests. The reason is the smell that the foliage or inflorescences of such plants give off:
- marigold;
- calendula;
- sage;
- lavender;
- garlic;
- spurge.
Marigolds, planted near roses, with their rich wormwood aroma effectively repel ticks and nematodes. Aphids and ants will never attack roses if lavender bushes bloom nearby or a nondescript calendula grows. Euphorbia will help get rid of vole mice.
Experienced gardeners have noticed that close proximity to garlic will save rose bushes from the harmful effects of viral diseases.
Conclusion
Diseases of roses and the main pests provoke a loss of decorativeness. The most common cause of problems is unfavorable weather conditions: excessive heat, prolonged drought, or, conversely, cool, rainy and damp summers.
