Content
Garden strawberries, more commonly called strawberries, are a wonderful, tasty and healthy berry. It can be found in almost every garden. There are various ways growing strawberries... The traditional method, which involves planting plants in open ground, is familiar to many gardeners and is most often used in everyday life. However, it has not only advantages, but also some disadvantages, therefore, before you start planting strawberry seedlings, it will be useful to familiarize yourself with the features of all existing technologies for growing this berry.
Strawberries in the open field
Strawberries are distinguished by their unpretentiousness and resistance to adverse weather conditions. Frost-resistant varieties in the open soil can be cultivated even in the northern regions. In this way, berries are grown in private farmsteads and on an industrial scale. The prevalence of the method is explained by a number of advantages. However, having decided to bring the technology to life on your land plot, you need to know the shortcomings that you will have to face.
Advantages and disadvantages
Growing strawberries in open field does not require financial costs for the purchase of material or the hiring of workers. A real strawberry plantation can be created by one person with his own hands. This is perhaps one of the most significant advantages of the technology, however, it cannot be called the only one. Among other advantages, it should be highlighted:
- lightweight strawberry care;
- good air circulation between plants;
- the ability to create plantings of large areas;
- ease of picking berries;
- openness of the root system, which allows it to fully "breathe".
The method of growing strawberries in the open field also has a number of significant disadvantages:
- the presence of weeds that need to be weeded out;
- contact of ripe berries with damp earth, as a result of which gray rot may develop;
- high costs of water for irrigation, since moisture quickly evaporates from the open surface of the earth.
Despite the significant disadvantages of this method, most gardeners use it. At the same time, deciding grow strawberries on open land, you need to know some of the features of the technology
Technology features
Strawberries prefer to grow in sunny areas of the land. At the same time, the soil should be fertile, well-drained. You can plant strawberry bushes according to the type of plantation, without creating ridges. However, in this case, it becomes difficult to care for the plants, the bushes receive less light, and mature berries are more often exposed to pathogenic fungi. That is why it is recommended to plant seedlings of plants on trapezoidal ridges in two rows.
Growing strawberries in trapezoidal beds makes it easier to care for the plants, allowing each bush to get enough light. Harvesting in these beds is a pleasure as the strawberries hang from the edges of the ridge. At the same time, air ventilation at the surface of the berries is improved, which prevents rotting.
It is worth noting that some gardeners use the so-called carpet growing method. To do this, it is necessary to build a bed-box with dimensions of 2x3 m and fill it with nutritious soil. Plants need to be planted in several rows. The resulting mustache does not need to be removed from the ridge. Over time, such a bed will turn into a solid green carpet with a lot of berries.
Growing strawberries in a greenhouse or film tunnel
This is great for growing remontant strawberry varieties continuous fruiting. Artificially created conditions allow to prolong vegetative period plants, protecting them from the arrival of early autumn frosts. A feature of the remontant strawberry continuous fruiting is also the fact that its life cycle is only 1 season, which means that at the end of fruiting, the greenhouse can be cleaned, treated from pests and fertilized the soil for the new season.
Advantages and disadvantages of the method
It is worth noting that growing berries in a greenhouse has few advantages, but the most significant of them is a high yield. In protected conditions, external factors do not affect the development and fruiting process, which means that even in the wettest and coldest summer, you can count on a large number of berries.
In addition to high yields, the method has some other significant advantages:
- high air humidity, which is a favorable environment for growing strawberries;
- the ability to grow berries in regions with an unfavorable climate;
- in the presence of heating installations in the greenhouse, it is possible to grow remontant varieties of continuous fruiting all year round, until the end of the life cycle of the plants.
Growing strawberries in a greenhouse has several disadvantages:
- financial costs for the purchase and installation of a greenhouse;
- the need for regular ventilation, because in conditions without proper air circulation, the berries rot;
- the need to organize drip irrigation to prevent berries from rotting;
- the development of harmful microflora in the greenhouse environment and the mandatory adoption of measures to protect plants from viruses, fungi;
Thus, we can conclude that growing berries in a greenhouse is more suitable for enthusiastic people who are ready to spend a lot of time, effort and money to get a good harvest of delicious strawberries throughout the season.
Features of the method
In the greenhouse, only drip irrigation of plants should be used. Given this feature, it is recommended to create M-shaped beds under cover:
- height not less than 40 cm;
- the edges are sloped like a trapezoid;
- 2 rows of strawberries are planted along the ridge closer to the edges, a small ditch for a hose with drip irrigation is made between them.
On the elevations of the M-shaped bed, strawberry seedlings are planted at a distance of at least 20 cm from each other. It is important that soil from such elevations does not crumble into the irrigation trench or passages, as this can expose plant roots. Covering material can also be used to protect the roots.
Before disembarking strawberries in the greenhouse you need to take care of fertilization. You can create a nutritious soil using organic matter or mineral fertilizers. As strawberries grow, they will deplete soil resources, which means that plants need to be fertilized additionally. In this case, you can feed the plants by adding fertilizers to the water for drip irrigation.
Strawberries in a covered garden
This berry growing technology is quite progressive. It can be called the best way to grow strawberries in private backyards.The method eliminates some of the disadvantages of other cultivation methods. Using it, you can grow a good harvest of berries without much effort.
Advantages and disadvantages
This relatively new way of growing strawberries is increasingly used by ordinary gardeners on their backyards. The popularity of the method is explained by a number of significant advantages:
- the material warms the roots of plants and prevents them from freezing in the winter;
- the black coating heats up quickly and retains heat in the ground, due to which strawberries wake up earlier than usual in spring;
- weeds do not germinate through the material, which means that there is no need to weed the ridge;
- water and fertilizers when watering fall directly under the root of the strawberry;
- the material prevents evaporation of moisture from the surface of the ridge;
- the resulting berries are on the surface of the film and do not come into contact with the wet soil, which means that the likelihood of their decay is reduced.
Thus, growing strawberries in a covered garden practically eliminates all the disadvantages of the above cultivation methods. Among the disadvantages of the technology can only be called the financial costs of purchasing the material.
Growing technique
The newest strawberry cultivation method is based on the use of agromaterial (geotextile) or polyethylene. The artificial shelter of the garden plays the role of mulch. When choosing a material, you need to pay attention to its color; it should be as dark as possible in order to better absorb thermal and solar energy.
To grow strawberries using this technology, it is necessary to prepare a nutritious soil by adding mineral and organic fertilizers. It is necessary to form the ridges according to the trapezoid principle, so that the edges are gentle. On a formed and slightly rammed bed, you need to lay a covering material and fix its edges. On the outside of the shelter, you need to mark the points at which the strawberry bushes will be planted. At the same time, it is important to observe a certain planting scheme, in which the plants will be well ventilated with air and not shade each other.
In accordance with the planned markings on the covering material, holes must be made with a diameter of 5-8 cm. Young strawberry bushes are planted in them. Subsequent crop care includes watering and feeding. The absence of weeds allows the owner not to worry about weeding.
A more detailed description of the technology and an illustrative example of the creation of such ridges can be seen in the video:
Decorative vertical beds
Some methods of growing strawberries involve not only getting a good harvest of berries, but also decorative planting. So, there are some ways to grow strawberries vertically. All of them are based on the use of artificial structures and devices.
Strawberries in a tube
This method of growing berries is quite unusual and highly decorative. It allows you to fit a record number of strawberry bushes on a small plot of land, and, therefore, crop yield from 1 m2 the soil will be large enough. Another advantage of the technology is design mobility and ease of maintenance. It can be easily and simply removed from the garden, for example, into a shed or other shelter for a safe wintering. Among the disadvantages of the technology, the complexity of creating a structure should be highlighted.
This method of growing strawberries is based on a device made of a pipe and a hose or two pipes of different diameters. The pipe material can be any material such as metal or plastic. In this case, its diameter should be more than 15 cm. A piece of hose or pipe of a smaller diameter used for irrigation should be prepared by making small holes in it along a length equal to the height of the pipe.A piece of hose 15-20 cm from one end must be left intact. After preparation, the hose must be wrapped with geotextile or burlap, which will prevent roots from growing into the holes made.
In the main pipe, you need to make holes 5-10 cm. For this, you can use a drill with a crown of the required diameter. After drilling, you need to insert the hose into the main pipe so that its whole part rises above the structure. The lower hole of the hose must be tightly soldered. Gradually fill the main pipe with nutritious soil and plant strawberry bushes in the holes. Subsequently, the plants will be watered by adding water to the hose through the top hole. For feeding strawberries you can use mineral fertilizers dissolved in the same water.
Strawberries on a construction grid
There is another technology, similar to the above method of growing strawberries. The only difference is that it is based on the use of not a pipe, but a construction mesh. It is rolled up, fixing the edges. Such a "leaky" pipe must be wrapped in polyethylene, after which the irrigation hose should be inserted vertically into the structure. After that, you need to make holes in the film and plant the strawberries. A feature of this technology is the ability to create a large diameter structure.
In addition to the above technologies for the construction of vertical ridges, there are other methods that are aimed at creating decorative structures. For example, you can grow strawberries in tall, multi-tiered beds. To create them, wooden frames, stone calculations, tires of different diameters are used. The created designs will decorate the garden and allow you to feast on the berry. A photo of such a berry flower bed can be seen below.
Also, farmers practice growing berries in hanging and outdoor pots, horizontal pipes.
Conclusion
There are various ways to grow strawberries in the country. Each gardener must independently choose the best way for himself that will allow him to achieve his goal, whether it is obtaining high yields, growing berries at minimal cost, or decorative planting. The article also contains the main advantages and disadvantages, as well as the cultivation technology and features of the most famous methods of cultivating strawberries in the garden.
