Rusbol grapes improved: description of the variety, photos, reviews

It is no secret that recently raisin grape varieties are becoming more and more popular among those wishing to grow this berry. And this is understandable: such berries are more pleasant to eat, they are not scary to give to children, even the smallest.

What is raisin

Quite a lot of kishmish varieties of sunny berries have been bred. Strictly speaking, those who have no bones at all are literally a few. Even the very best have seed rudiments, but they are so small and soft that they are hardly felt when eaten.

All raisins are divided into four categories:

• The first and second have either no rudiments, or they are barely formed. The size of their berries is small, the weight does not exceed 4 grams.
• In the third and fourth categories, rudiments are present and can be felt when eating. Their berries are much larger, they can weigh up to 9 g.

Rusbol grapes, which are also called Mirage raisins or Soviet-Bulgarian white raisins, belongs to the fourth class of seedlessness. This means that there are rudiments in the berry. If you study consumer reviews, it turns out that at the moment it is one of the most demanded.

For those who have not yet planted the Rusbol raisin grape variety, we will compose its detailed description and characteristics.

Rusbol grape variety in the photo.

Description and characteristics

Rusbol grapes were created at the Potapenko All-Russian Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking together with colleagues from Bulgaria, as its name suggests. The parents were: Superearly seedless and Villard blanc.

It is not included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements, but, according to winegrowers, it is worthy to grow it.

Varietal features

Rusbol grapes have a property that is valuable for growing in cool regions - an early ripening period: the first berries are ready for picking in 115 days, a cool summer can postpone this moment up to 125 days.

• Bushes on their own roots initially grow medium, and then become tall.
  
• Ripening of the vine is early and very good.
• Since the eyes located at the base of the shoot are highly fertile, almost each of them gives a fruitful shoot, which can be cut off, leaving 2-3 eyes, but most often pruning is carried out for 6-8 eyes.
• Flowers appear early, forming a full volume comb. They have a strong aroma that attracts insects, so Rusbol is an excellent pollinator for all other nearby growing grape bushes.
  
• Rusbol is prone to crop overload. Rationing of bunches on the shoots is mandatory. If the inflorescence is large, the end can be removed, the berries will be larger and have a good presentation. If the yield is too high, the ripening of annual growths is delayed.
• Its cuttings root well.
• When planting them in the ground, fruiting is observed already in the second or third year.
• Rusbol is compatible with almost all rootstocks, so any rootstock can be used for grafting, but the best result is if you take a tall rootstock.
• It is important to break off part of the shoots with a length of 5 to 10 cm, choosing the weakest, the rest will grow better.
  
• The frost resistance of Rusbol grapes is high - up to -25 degrees, which means that the variety can winter without shelter, provided that the snow cover is at least 50 cm.
• For him, the freezing of part of the buds is not so scary as for other varieties. If suddenly all the buds freeze on annual growths, perennial wood will give new ones, and high fertility will not allow you to remain without a crop. As a rule, Rusbol is sheltered only in the first three years of life, during which time it accumulates perennial wood. Winter hardiness of buds on perennial wood exceeds that on annual shoots by 6-8 degrees.
  
• Resistance to the main diseases of grapes is high.
• Rusbol in the south can be grown in a high-stem culture, to the north it is formed on a low stem, leaving medium-length sleeves. It gives a good harvest even with short-sleeved shaping.
• The bunches are large, on average from 400 to 600 g, but with good care they can weigh a kilogram or more.
• They have a conical shape, their friability is average.

Rusbola berries

For raisins grapes, they are very large: 16 mm wide, 18 mm long.

• The color of the berries is white, they contain rudiments.
• The taste is simple, harmonious.
• Sugar accumulation is high - up to 21%, the acid content is up to 7 g / l.
• Rusbol can be used as table grapes, it is also well suited for processing into raisins.

The originators of the Rusbol variety recommended it for cultivation as a non-covering crop for the Moscow region and more northern regions.

There is nothing in the world that cannot be improved. This is exactly what the employees of the Potapenko Institute did and crossed Rusbol grapes with two other varieties: Rapture and Villard blanc. The result of the selection was the improved Rusball. Let's make a description of it and give a full description. Photo of improved Rusbol grapes.

Why is Rusball improved?

Taking all the best from his parents, he acquired new undoubted advantages.

• The ripening period became earlier - from 105 to 115 days.
• The improved Rusbol bush has great growth vigor.
• Annual growths ripen well and cuttings take root.
• Rusball improved is compatible with almost all rootstocks.
• This grape variety can produce berries as early as the second year after planting.
• The fruitfulness of the kidneys in Rusbol improved is high - from 75 to 95%.
• Just like his parent, he can be overloaded with the crop, therefore, it requires rationing.
  
• Its frost resistance is no worse than that of the original forms - up to -25 degrees.
• The improved Rusbol grape responds well to care.
• It is resistant to major diseases affecting grape crops.
• The bunches of the improved Rusball have become larger. Their average weight is from 700 to 900 g, and with good care, one bunch can give more than one and a half kilograms of berries.
• The berries themselves are also larger: their length is 20 mm, and their width is 16 mm.
  
• They are round or oval, sometimes they look like an egg.
• Rudiments may be present in the berries, since the variety belongs to the third - fourth class of seedlessness.
• The color of the berries in Rusbol improved is white, where the sun warms more, the berries have a brown tan.
• The pulp of this grape variety is dense and harmonious in taste. Sugar accumulation is good.

Rusball nutmeg - special raisins

There is another grape variety based on Rusbol. This is Muscat Rusball. His authors are the same, his parents are: Bulgaria Sustainable and Rusbol. Description and characteristics will reveal all the possibilities of the Muscat Rusbol variety, which is shown in the photo.

He acquired the nutmeg taste so appreciated by many.Berries are better stored than other Rusbols, they can turn into raisins even in room conditions. All the main advantages of this group of varieties are also found in Muscat Rusbol.

• It is early ripening. The berries ripen in about 120 days. Fluctuations in both directions for 5 days are possible.
• The vigor of Rusbol nutmeg grapes is of medium or high growth, if it is not grafted, but a rooted seedling.
• Its annual growth ripens well. If the bush is overloaded with harvest, especially in rainy weather, the maturation of the annual growth slows down.
• The percentage of fruitfulness of shoots is slightly lower than that of the original variety, but still remains high - from 75 to 85%.
• Cut the vine at Rusbola Muscat for 6-8 eyes. Short pruning is also possible - only 3-4 eyes.
  
• The Rusbol grape variety works better if it is grafted onto a vigorous stock.
• The variety has good frost resistance - 24 degrees.
• Rusbol nutmeg grapes are resistant to mildew, and processing is necessary from oidium, since resistance to it is weak.
• The weight of each bunch of this grape variety is from 400 g to 0.5 kg. They are moderately loose, can be cylindro-conical or branched.
  
• The variety belongs to the 4th category of seedlessness, that is, there are rudiments of seeds in the berries.

Grape care

Agrotechnics for all Rusbols are the same as for any other table grape variety:

• Timely and abundant watering.
• Timely and correctly carried out top dressing. This is especially important for the improved Rusbol grape variety.
• Mandatory rationing of the crop, and breaking out excess shoots.
• Forming pruning in the fall and during the summer.
• It is advisable to cover the first three years of Rusbol grapes.

How to hide

These grapes are usually classified as non-covering varieties. But if the winters are snowless, there is always a risk that young bushes that have not yet grown a sufficient amount of perennial wood may lose a large number of eyes. They will take a long time to recover Therefore, it is better not to risk it, and cover the grapes for the winter for the first 3 years.

Shelter Algorithm

Shelter timing depends on weather conditions. It is impossible to insulate the grapes too early - the eyes can be blown out. Covering too late may damage the roots.

• After pruning the grapes in the fall, it takes some time to prepare them for winter. Therefore, you should not rush to cover with the first frost. Hardening of grapes takes place within a week at temperatures from zero to -5 degrees.
• Since the roots of Rusbol grapes are more sensitive to frost than shoots, the shelter begins with warming the root zone. To do this, it is mulched with a layer of humus about 10 cm thick.
• The cut vines are tied in bunches, bent to the ground and placed on any material that does not allow moisture to pass through: plastic, wood, roofing material, rubber sheets.
  
• The soil and shoots are subject to treatment with a solution of ferrous sulfate according to the instructions.
• Then you can do it in different ways. Many growers cover the shoots with earth. This shelter is quite reliable, but there is always a risk of dampness of the eyes. If you cover the ground with moisture-proof material, it will be much smaller.
• The best option is a dry air shelter. The laid vine is covered with dry leaves or covered with spruce branches. Cover with spunbond, and on top with a film draped over the arcs, leaving holes at the base for ventilation. To prevent the film from being blown away by the wind, it is fixed.
  

Testimonials

Conclusion

Any of the Rusballs is worthy of growing on a garden plot. These varieties will not only provide high quality table berries, but will also allow you to prepare raisins for the winter, which, given its high cost, is important.

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