Content
Liana kampsis is a perennial, deciduous, beautiful flowering plant. Buds of amazing beauty in various shades of orange, red and yellow decorate the garden with a sunny glow almost all summer. Perennial deciduous garden liana Kampsis is unpretentious in care, blooms profusely and for a long time, takes root in areas with a relatively warm climate, tolerates frosts well. It was cultivated as an ornamental flower in the 17th century in North America. In the 18th century, the vine was brought to Europe and began to be used to decorate small architectural forms and create living hedge walls.
Thanks to the beautiful foliage, the culture has a decorative appearance even during dormancy.
Botanical description of the plant Kampsis
Blooming liana kampsis has many species and varieties. They all have common characteristics:
- a powerful root system that grows in breadth and depth;
- aerial roots for attachment to the support;
- stem height up to 10-15 m;
- young stems are bent, green;
- the stems of an adult plant are lignified, brown;
- leaves are opposite, large, pinnate, consisting of 5-11 small leaf plates with a serrated edge;
- leaf length up to 20 cm;
- the color of the leaves is rich green;
- inflorescences are loose panicles;
- the shape of the flowers is horn-shaped or gramophone-shaped;
- flower length up to 9 cm;
- flower diameter up to 5 cm;
- flower color: yellow, golden, orange, pink, crimson, purple;
- there is no aroma during flowering;
- flowering period from July to September;
- fruit in the form of leathery pods with many seeds with "wings"
It is surprising that in the complete absence of odor, the inflorescences are carriers of a large amount of nectar. Therefore, the flower of the creeper campsis is surrounded by numerous honey-collecting insects. When the crop begins to produce smaller flowers, the plant should be rejuvenated. Seed material after the end of the flowering period is formed only if there is another plant of this species nearby. The growth rate of the aboveground part is up to 2 m per year. The plant is ideal for growing in urban conditions, as it easily tolerates gas pollution and polluted air.
Since the root system is actively growing, the bush quickly captures the surrounding area.
Frost resistance of Kampsis
Liana kampsis is a frost-resistant crop. The plant is able to withstand temperatures up to - 20 ⁰С. Viable flower buds die at 0 ° C, but recover again with the beginning of the growing season. In the southern regions, the flower hibernates without shelter.
Garden perennial perfectly takes root in subtropical and tropical regions
Kampsis types
There are three main types of vines (Campsis) kampsis:
- large-flowered or Chinese;
- rooting;
- hybrid.
In living nature, there are two types: Chinese and rooting. Large-flowered liana kampsis (Campsis grandiflora) grows in the Far East (China, Japan). The native land of the rooting campsis liana (Campsis radicans) is North America. The hybrid species (Campsis hybrida) is an artificially bred culture resulting from the crossing of rooting and large-flowered vines.
The buds on the bush open gradually, so it seems that the ornamental plant blooms without stopping all summer
Large-flowered
The large-flowered species of creeper campsis (Campsis grandiflora) is an elegant perennial that is thermophilic, withstands frosts from - 10 ⁰C to - 18 ⁰C. In landscape design, the Chinese liana (Campsis) campsis is used in Southeast Asia, Taiwan, Vietnam, Pakistan, India. The decorative culture has the following characteristics:
- the size of the shoots up to 15 meters;
- flower length up to 9 cm;
- the color of the outside of the flowers is deep orange;
- the color of the inner side of the flowers is red-pink.
The thermophilic species of large-flowered perennial does not grow in the territory of central Russia
Rooting
Campsis radicans, a rooted vine, is considered a deciduous plant. The plant tolerates frost well. A distinctive feature of the rooting species Kampsis radicans is considered to be long aerial roots, with the help of which the flower captures the territory.
The rooting perennial species is resistant to various adverse environmental factors
Hybrid
The hybrid species of campsis vine (Campsis hybrida) is the result of the work of breeders. The plant combines the most striking and positive qualities of the parent species (large-flowered and rooting). The decorative hybrid species tolerates temperature extremes, frosts well, and is distinguished by rather large flowers.
The color scheme of the hybrid species of Kampsis liana varies from white-pink and white-yellow to orange and red
Kampsis varieties
Numerous decorative varieties of creepers Kampsis erectus occupy a special niche in the design of landscape areas. Unpretentious and stress-resistant plants are excellent for growing in various climatic conditions.
Flava
The deciduous vine variety Flava, or campis yellow, differs in the following parameters:
- the size of the shoots up to 15 m;
- flower length up to 9 cm;
- flower diameter up to 5 cm;
- inflorescence color lemon or yellow.
The decorative variety is characterized by abundant flowering from June to October.
The Flava variety is considered the most frost-resistant, withstands frosts down to - 20 ⁰С
Great
Deciduous variety Magnificent (Magnificent) cannot be called curly. In appearance, the plant looks more like a shrub, which is characterized by flexible and thin shoots.
Variety Magnificent has an orange-red color of flowers.
Trumpet Vine
The name of the exquisite variety Trumpet Vine translates as "Magnificent French lace" or "Vine". The decorative culture can be called universal. The bush can grow up to 10 meters in height along the support. If desired, the Kampsis Trumpet Vine vine can be formed in the form of a bush. The variety is distinguished by abundant flowering of bright, yellow-red or yellow-pink inflorescences. The root system of the vine is powerful, capable of lifting wooden boards, sewer pipes, asphalt.
Liana Trumpet Vine should be planted only on the sunny side, as in the shade the ornamental culture ceases to bloom
Flamenco
The decorative Flamenco variety is a surprisingly fast-growing vine that has the following characteristics:
- the size of the shoots up to 10 m;
- flower diameter up to 8 cm;
- inflorescence color - rich, dark red.
Flamenco garden creeper blooms in July and ends in October. The plant does not tolerate waterlogging, hibernates at temperatures up to - 17 ⁰С.
Experienced gardeners recommend covering the Flamenco vine for the winter with spruce branches.
Judy
Garden variety Judy is a frost-resistant ornamental crop adapted for cultivation in central Russia. Judy hibernates well at temperatures down to -20 ⁰С. The plant has the following characteristics:
- the size of the shoots up to 4 m;
- the color of the flowers is bright yellow;
- middle color of flowers is orange.
The garden variety of Judy creeper blooms all summer: from July to October
Application in landscape design
Despite the fact that kampsis is considered an exotic deciduous plant, it is widely used to decorate territories throughout central Russia and in the southern regions.The main role in landscape design is vertical gardening of various small architectural forms:
- gazebos;
- arches;
- walls of houses on the sunny side;
- fences.
The plant can be used as an independent element of landscape design. In addition, the garden culture is in perfect harmony with other flowering annuals and perennials. If desired, vine shoots can be directed in different directions to form vertical elements of landscape design. Another use of kampsis is in the form of a bush, which is cut off and ends up with a lush, exotic specimen in any sunny corner of the garden. The photo below shows Kampsis in landscape design.
The long twisted shoots of Kampsis can form beautiful, lush hedges that bloom all summer long.
Conclusion
Garden liana kampsis is popularly called woody begonia. Deciduous plant belongs to the group of lush and long-flowering flowers. Translated from Greek, the name of the culture "kamptein" sounds like "bend, bend, twist". Ornamental culture attracts gardeners and landscape designers around the world due to its long flowering period - about 4 months. Sometimes the ornamental shrub is called liana tekoma kampsis (Tecoma), but this is not true from the point of view of botany, since the plant belongs to the Bignoniaceae family.
