Content
- 1 Breeding history
- 2 Description of climbing rose Red Lighthouse and characteristics
- 3 Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
- 4 Reproduction methods
- 5 Planting and caring for the climbing rose Red Lighthouse
- 6 Pests and diseases
- 7 Application in landscape design
- 8 Conclusion
- 9 Reviews of climbing rose varieties Red Mayak
Rose Red Lighthouse is one of the best varieties bred during the Soviet era in the Nikitsky Botanical Garden. At that time, it was one of the largest breeding centers, in which they were engaged not only in flowers. But the latter were also given considerable attention, since the cities demanded a large number of flower beds. The variety is still popular with Crimean owners of private houses. But in city parks, it was replaced by odorless Dutch roses.
Breeding history
Climbing rose Red lighthouse is a hybrid obtained by Vera Nikolaevna Klimenko in 1956. The breeder at that time worked in the Crimea, in the Nikitsky Botanical Garden. For his collection, a new variety of climbing rose was bred.
The American variety Excels a and the German Kordes Sondermeldung were chosen for crossing. The frost resistance of both varieties is above average, and this was one of the arguments when choosing parental forms for breeding a new hybrid. The result of VN Klimenko's work was a variety with a characteristic name for that time, Red Lighthouse.
There are several classifications for roses:
- varieties: Vihuriana group of hybrids;
- garden plants: large-flowered climbing rose.
The variety was obtained back in 1956, but there is no information about whether it was included in the USSR State Register. The Red Lighthouse was added to the Russian State Register only in 2014 under the number 6904165.
Description of climbing rose Red Lighthouse and characteristics
A tall hybrid, reaching 3.5 m in favorable conditions. But the size of the bush varies depending on the climatic zone. If in Yalta it reaches its maximum height, then in Novosibirsk it does not grow higher than 1 m.
Shoots are strong, creeping and tenacious. They grow vertically. The color of the stems is dark green. Additional decorativeness to the climbing rose Red lighthouse is given by young shoots that have a violet-red color. The thorns on the stems are frequent, needle-shaped, reddish in color.
The leaf blades are round, large, with a glossy surface. The color is dark green.
A climbing rose bush looks good in a flower bed as a central figure
The buds are semi-double, large. Diameter 7-8 cm. Peduncles are strong. Collected in large inflorescences of 10-13 roses each.
The number of petals in one bud is more than 20. The color changes as the rose ripens. Immediately after blooming, the petals are scarlet-red, with a barely noticeable velvet. As it ripens, the velvet becomes more noticeable, and the color of the petals changes to a fiery red with an orange tint. The middle is yellow.
The shape of roses also changes during the flowering process: from a rounded bud with a pointed top to a fully opened saucer-shaped flower.
Flowering is very abundant and long lasting, about a month. The time for the appearance of roses is June-July.
The buds are formed on two-year-old shoots. This feature makes it impossible to grow a climbing rose in some regions of Russia.
Research on frost resistance
In the Nikitsky Botanical Garden, frost resistance studies were carried out. When the stems freeze, the rose not only does not bloom, but also cannot fully grow.
As a result of the tests, it was found out:
- the south coast of Crimea Is an ideal region for the Red Lighthouse variety. The shrub grows to a maximum height of 3.5 m. The flower diameter is 6-7 cm. Good disease resistance. Winter hardiness is not important as the region is warm.
- Vladivostok - the height of the bush is up to 3 m. The diameter of the roses is 6-12 cm. The resistance to diseases is lower. Withstands frost.
- Novosibirsk - grows no more than 1 m. Does not bloom. Resistant to diseases. The aboveground part of wintering does not survive.
It was concluded that the climbing rose Red Lighthouse is not suitable for cultivation in mainland Russia. This is due to the fact that the bush cannot withstand frosts, and flower buds are formed only on the shoots of the second year. Unlike rosehip rootstocks, the Red Beacon is also unable to go into a “temporarily non-flowering state”. The term means that after extreme cold weather the plant does not bloom for two years. During this time, it forms new skeletal axes that bloom after a mild winter.
The test results showed that the climbing rose variety Red Lighthouse can be recommended for the North Caucasus region, the Crimean Peninsula and the southern part of the Far East.
With a slight temperature difference, the climbing rose Red Lighthouse does not withstand the continental climate
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
Among the advantages of the climbing rose Red Lighthouse, it should be noted:
- high resistance to heat;
- resistance to fungal diseases;
- drought resistance of the average level;
- long and abundant flowering;
- pleasant delicate aroma of roses.
The latter can be a disadvantage if the garden owner is allergic to strong odors.
Disadvantages are more likely to be personal addictions than objective hindrances. Many people note that it is difficult to remove faded roses and cut off excess shoots from tall bushes. But nothing prevents the formation of standard plants. If the climbing rose was bought to decorate an arch or a gazebo, you will have to put up with the inconvenience.
Not all gardeners enjoy a single bloom in early summer. It is still impossible to cut the stems in the summer, and dry roses on the bush look ugly. Therefore, the disadvantages include the lack of remontability in the variety.
Another disadvantage is the presence of a large number of thorns on the shoots of the plant. But this disadvantage turns into a dignity if a hedge is formed from the bushes of a climbing rose.
Reproduction methods
Climbing roses can be propagated in three ways: by layering, cuttings and grafting. The first option is very convenient for inexperienced gardeners and those with little time. The last one is the most difficult. It is suitable for experienced florists.
Reproduction by layering
The most optimal way to propagate climbing rose bushes. In the spring, they choose a suitable last year's shoot and bend it to the ground. Part of the stem, together with the emerging buds, is sprinkled with earth and left so for several weeks.
Until the shoot grows additional roots, it will feed on the mother bush. Closer to autumn, the stem is cut off from the main plant, carefully dug it out together with the roots and planted in a permanent place.
By layering, you can propagate not only climbing, but also ordinary roses with vertical stems
Cuttings
Some gardeners believe that pencil-thick stems should be selected for cuttings. From this point of view, the method is poorly suited for climbing varieties. Their shoots capable of propagation by cuttings are much thinner. But you can try.
The method of grafting is usual:
- In spring or autumn, after pruning, a suitable whip is chosen. You can also choose a two-year-old shoot that has begun to form a bud.
- Cut the stem into pieces so that each cutting has at least three productive buds. Usually the length of such a cutting is 10-15 cm.
- pour soil into a suitable container.
- Stick the cutting into the soil so that one of the buds is underground.
- Cover the container with a glass jar or PET bottle and place in partial shade.
After a month and a half, the cuttings will have roots.
Reproduction by grafting
The least suitable method for climbing roses due to too thin stems.Grafting is usually done on local wild rose hips to avoid freezing of the roots. This method is best left to professionals with extensive practice. In warm regions where the Red Lighthouse can bloom fully, the first two breeding methods are much more convenient and simpler.
Planting and caring for the climbing rose Red Lighthouse
For a seedling, you need to choose a dry, well-lit place. The red lighthouse, like all climbing roses, does not like humid and shaded places. When choosing a site, you need to check with the wind rose. The plant must be protected from the north wind. Do not plant roses too close to each other. Later, the bushes will grow and begin to interfere with each other.
Climbing roses prefer loose, fertile soil. If the site is located on clay, you will have to prepare a fertile mixture. You can buy primer at the store. Otherwise, the rules for planting a climbing rose and other garden flowers do not differ.
Pests and diseases
On rose bushes 270 species of pathogenic fungi parasitize. The most common are black spot, rust and powdery mildew.
The variety originator indicated that the variety is resistant to these diseases. But given the recommended breeding zone, resistance is associated with the climate: fungi stop developing at air temperatures above 30 ° C.
For the purpose of prevention, climbing varieties are trying to be planted in open, well-ventilated areas. The wind quickly dries up moisture, which is necessary for the development of pathogenic microflora.
There is no special protection against pests. The most dangerous are the rose-colored aphid (Macrosiphum rosae), the rose-colored downward sawfly (Ardis brunniventris) and the spider mite (Tetranychus urticae). The latter loves dry air and can attack the rosebush in the summer.
Golden bronze is not able to seriously damage the plant, it spoils the decorative appearance of the flower
Application in landscape design
Climbing rose bushes "Red Lighthouse" are almost universal. They are suitable for:
- vertical gardening;
- arches design;
- creating green hedges;
- decorating gazebos;
- group plantings with other colors.
Instead of a tall bush with creeping shoots, you can form a stem. This shape is well suited for a club composition.
Conclusion
Rose Red Lighthouse is great for decorating a garden without requiring complex maintenance. In the southern regions, it does not even need to be covered for the winter. Only formative and sanitary pruning is needed. But the bushes will delight with flowers for a whole month.
