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When an inexperienced gardener is looking for grape varieties for the Moscow region non-covering or covering, he falls into complete delusion. The fact is that such definitions do not exist in viticulture. This concept is an individual characteristic of the variety. For example, if you take the same grape, in the south it will be uncovered, but in the Moscow region the vine needs to be covered. The grower himself compares the lowest possible temperature in winter in his region with the permissible hypothermia of the vine of the cultivated variety. From the obtained comparisons, it determines whether it is necessary to cover the bushes for the winter or not.
Any vine in the south grows without cover. However, you can find uncovered grapes for the Moscow region that can withstand low temperatures. These fertile varieties were bred by breeders table grapes with American Librusec. The result is frost-resistant hybrids with an early ripening period.
You need to know that any young frost-resistant grape varieties for the Moscow region, they require mandatory shelter in order to gradually accustom the vine to the cold:
- First year the life of the young bush is completely covered;
- second year lives perform similar actions;
- in the third year life is left uncovered by one sleeve.
In the spring, an uncovered lash is used to determine whether the vine in the region is capable of surviving the winter when grown open.
Strongly thermophilic grapes in the Moscow region are grown even in a closed way, adapting greenhouses. The peculiarity of culture is not the fear of frost. For the vine, temperature changes are destructive, when the cold is often replaced by thaws. The bush is saved from frost with a shelter, but it will harm with the arrival of heat. The kidneys begin to rot at elevated temperatures.
The video provides an overview of winter-hardy grape varieties:
Overview of winter-hardy varieties
To find out which grape varieties are best planted in the Moscow region, one must take into account the lowest winter temperature and the time of the onset of cold weather. By the time of the cold snap, the culture must give off the harvest, lay fruit buds and enter the stage of calm. Early early ripening varieties are optimal for the Moscow region, it is better if they are zoned.
Aleshenkin
Worthy early grape varieties for the Moscow region are represented by the productive crop Aleshenkin. The maximum ripening period for a crop is 115 days. The brushes are large, often with ramifications. The shape of the bunch resembles a cone. Large brushes weigh 1.5–2.5 kg. The average weight of the bunches is 0.7 kg. The berry is large, oval in shape, weighs up to 5 g. The fruit is yellow-green, more like the color of light honey. There is a faint white coating on the skin.
There are a lot of seedless berries in the bunches. The taste evenly harmonizes sweetness and acidity. The pulp is juicy, tender. Subject to the conditions of agricultural technology, an adult bush is able to bring 25 kg of harvest. The culture is considered frost-resistant, as it is able to withstand a drop in temperature to - 26aboutFROM.
The manifestation of fungal diseases is observed in rainy summer. You can save the crop only by regularly spraying with fungicides every two weeks.
The video shows the Aleshenkin variety:
Victoria
Considering grapes in the Moscow region, description of varieties, photos, it is worth stopping at the time-tested Victoria. The culture has long adapted to the local climate, enduring frosts down to -26aboutC. Muscat grapes ripen at about 110 days. The grapes grow large, weighing up to 7 g.The shape of the fruit is oval. The flesh and skin are pink, with a white bloom on top. The fruits are very sweet and juicy, with an excess of moisture they crack. The nutmeg aroma appears only in fully ripe fruits.
The bunches weigh from 0.5 to 1 kg. The brushes are loose, but have an excellent presentation and can be easily transported. Wasps took a fancy to the crop because of the sugar saturation. Insects are able to quickly gnaw the thin skin and eat away the flesh.
Kuderka
Kuderka stands out from the late grape variety for the Moscow region. Among themselves, the growers call him Kudrik. The yield of an adult bush is unusually huge - up to 100 kg. Globular berries are dark blue, practically black... The pulp contains a lot of sugar, which makes it possible to prepare a delicious fortified wine. The mass of the brushes is about 300 g. The shape of the cluster is conical, sometimes cylindrical. The berries are loosely harvested; loose clusters are often found. Frost-resistant and sweet grape variety for the Moscow region Kuderka can withstand temperatures down to -30aboutFROM.
The culture does not require much maintenance. The bushes are rarely affected by mildew and oidium, but they are afraid of phylloxera. The method of dealing with the disease is preventive spraying.
Lydia
Considering non-covering grape varieties for the Moscow region, gardeners' reviews often praise the unpretentious Lydia. The culture is mid-season. The crop ripens in 150 days. Bushes of medium height. Intensive growth of shoots is observed with increased humidity and feeding with humus. Bunches grow small, weighing 100-150 g. The berry is usually round, but sometimes slightly elongated fruits grow. When ripe, the skin turns red with a purple tint. There is a white bloom on top.
The pulp is slimy, sweet with a strawberry aroma. There is a lot of acid in the skin. Moreover, it is rough, which is felt during chewing. The sugar content is up to 20%. Up to 42 kg of harvest is harvested from an adult bush. The variety is resistant to diseases. The vine can withstand frosts down to -26aboutWith, but without shelter for the winter, it is better to grow grapes only in the southern regions.
Jupiter
When looking for grape varieties for the Moscow region, uncovering sweet, it is worth giving preference to an early culture Jupiter... The crop ripens in 110 days. The bushes are medium-sized. The bunches grow large, weighing about 0.5 kg. Brushes are formed in a cylindrical or indefinite shape. The density of berries on a bunch is average. Loose brushes are sometimes found.
Ripe berries are dark red. There is a purple hue on the skin. The shape of the berries is elongated, oval. The fruit weighs about 6 g. The pulp is sweet with a nutmeg aroma. The sugar content is over 21%. The vine can withstand an allowable temperature drop down to -27aboutFROM.
Sovering Tiara
Sovering Tiara belongs to the category of the best grape varieties for the Moscow region for open cultivation. The vine has time to fully ripen before the onset of cold weather. The harvest begins in the third decade of August. The bushes are vigorous, the whips are spreading. The mass of a bunch usually does not exceed 200 g. The berries are round, small, weigh about 4 g. Ripe white fruits. The berries in the brush are collected tightly. The pulp is slimy, sweet and sour taste. An adult vine can withstand frosts down to -30aboutFROM.
Valiant
The early grapes, zoned for the Moscow region, bears the harvest in the third decade of August. In a cool, rainy summer, the ripening of berries can drag on until September. The bush is powerful, vigorous. The clusters grow small, 10 cm long, weighing about 100 g. The shape of the berries is spherical. The pulp is mucous with a large bone. The black skin does not come off well. There is a white coating on the surface.
Valiant is considered a technical grape for the Moscow region, from which wine or juice is made, but can be used instead of a table variety. The berries are tightly collected in a bunch.The sugar content is about 20%. Ripe berry is saturated with strawberry aroma. An adult vine can withstand frosts down to -45aboutC, which rightfully refers the grapes to the non-covering group.
Phenomenon
If you want to grow resistant grape varieties for the Moscow region for dining purposes, preference is given to the Phenomenon. The culture produces large cone-shaped clusters weighing about 1 kg. The vine is not very strong. Bushes of medium size. The berries are in the shape of an elongated oval. The skin is white, often with a yellow-green tint. The taste of the pulp is sweet and sour. The sugar content is about 22%.
The harvest begins to ripen in the second half of August. The bunches are able to hang on the vine until mid-September. The vine tolerates frosts down to -24aboutC. In industrial cultivation, the yield is 140 kg / ha.
Alpha
The frost-resistant American variety can withstand temperatures as low as -35aboutC. The structure is a liana bush. Scourges can grow up to 9 m long. The leaf is large, 25x20 cm in size. The variety is considered medium late. The crop is harvested after 150 days. Medium cylindrical brushes. The berries are tightly harvested. Fruits are rounded, slightly elongated. The skin is black with a white bloom. The mucous pulp has a lot of acid. The ripe fruit has a pronounced strawberry aroma. The yield from one adult bush reaches 10 kg.
With the industrial cultivation of grapes, the yield is about 180 c / ha. The variety is excellent against common diseases. The only weakness is chlorosis. Bushes are often used to decorate gazebos, hedges and hedges.
Buffalo
The variety is considered early, but in the Moscow region the bunches ripen in the third decade of September. Spreading bush, vigorous. New lashes ripen before the onset of frost. The bunches grow cone-shaped, often of indefinite shape. The berries are collected tightly, but there are also loose clusters. Fruits are large, spherical, sometimes slightly elongated. The skin is dark blue, almost black with a white bloom.
The berries taste sweet and sour. The aroma of the pulp resembles a forest pear. The composition contains up to 21% sugar. Under conditions of industrial cultivation, the yield reaches 120 c / ha. The vine can withstand frosts down to -28aboutC. The variety is weakly susceptible to mildew and oidium attack. By design, the variety is more related to the technical group. Wine and juice are made from berries.
Conclusion
Looking for the best, frost-resistant, new grape varieties for the Moscow region, experienced gardeners plant 1-2 crops. If the vine has wintered well and started growing in the spring, then the variety is suitable for the region.
Testimonials
A lot has been written about uncovered grapes for the Moscow region. Every avid gardener has a favorite variety.
