Content
Aleshenkin grape is a dessert variety bred in Volgograd more than 60 years ago. The plant is distinguished by an average ripening period (at the end of August) and resistance to winter temperatures. "Aleshenkin" is appreciated for its good taste, large clusters and attractive appearance.
The variety is actively cultivated throughout Russia. Before planting, it is recommended to familiarize yourself with the description of the Aleshenkin variety, photos of grapes, reviews.
Description
A detailed description of the variety is as follows:
- tall shrub with emerald green leaves and medium size;
- leaves have a smooth, glossy surface;
- bisexual flowers are formed on each shoot;
- grape cuttings quickly take root after planting;
- the lifespan of one branch is about 4-6 years.
"Aleshenkin" is a dessert variety with good taste. Its berries meet the following characteristics:
- the shape of a bunch of grapes is a regular cone;
- berries are loosely adjacent to each other, which provides them with access to the sun's rays;
- the mass of the bunch reaches 2 kg or more;
- the berries are oval in shape, the average size is 21x25 mm;
- the weight of the berries is about 5 g;
- the pulp of the grapes is juicy, the skin is of medium thickness;
- sugar content - 20%;
- 40% of berries are pitted;
- up to 25 kg of grapes are harvested from one vine.
Variety resistance
The disadvantages of the "Aleshenkin" grape variety include the low resistance of the lower part of the plant to frost. Therefore, it is grafted onto more stable rootstocks. The ground part of the grapes is able to withstand temperatures as low as -26 degrees.
Yield indicators
"Aleshenkin" refers to high-yield varieties. Its fruiting period is 6 years. As practice shows, sweet berries are harvested from the bush for 20 years.
Then the fruiting of the grapes decreases sharply, and the plant is removed from the site. The next planting of grapes is made no earlier than 3 years later. During this period, the soil is restored.
If it is possible to completely replace the soil, then it is allowed to plant grapes after a year.
Planting and leaving
The Aleshenkin grape variety requires compliance with certain rules of care. After planting, you need to water the plant, carry out pruning and treatment from diseases and pests.
Choosing a landing site
For planting grapes, they choose bright and warm places. "Aleshenkin" is unpretentious to the soil and location on the site, however, compliance with simple rules will help to increase the yield and taste of berries.
To grow grapes, soil preparation is carried out in the fall or spring. You must first analyze the soil. With an increased clay content, additional drainage is required.
If the vineyard is set up on peat soil, then sand should be added before planting. Sandy soil is fertilized with humus or compost.
Two weeks before planting, the soil is dug up to enrich it with oxygen. The place is chosen on the south or southwest side. For better soil warming, it is recommended to plant grapes near the wall of the house. In spring, snow melts more quickly from the south side, and in autumn later the soil begins to freeze.
Aleshenkin grapes do not need to be planted between shrubs or trees that create shade for it.
The variety is suitable for growing in film greenhouses. Grapes need access to sunlight, while excess moisture and shade are destructive for them.
Landing rules
Planting and caring for grapes begins in the spring. During the summer and fall, the plant will harden and be able to withstand the winter.
In the fall, the soil must be dug up and a hole 0.7 m wide and 0.8 m deep must be prepared. If it is located close to the surface of the groundwater, drainage must be arranged. Its functions will be performed by a layer of crushed stone 3 cm thick.
In the spring, seedlings are prepared for feeding. It is obtained by mixing equal proportions of soil, river sand and humus. Then add nitrophosphate and superphosphate to the mixture in an amount of 50 g. Before planting, a bucket of warm water is poured into the pit.
If the grape stalk is located in a container, then you can immediately plant it to the prepared place. If the plant is placed in a plastic bag, then the cutting is preliminarily dipped into a zircon solution. It is a natural remedy that stimulates the growth of the root system. For 10 liters of water, 1 ml of the drug is required.
The seedling is placed at the bottom of the pit, and buried in half, after which it is watered with water and the top layer of earth is poured. The grapes are covered plastic wrap, in which a hole for the seedling is cut. It is necessary to remove the material at the end of summer.
Spring and summer care
After planting, the vineyard is watered every two weeks. Each plant needs 4 buckets of water. With an excess of moisture, watering is stopped to avoid root rot.
In the spring, the shelter is removed from the vineyard and damaged and old branches are removed. The vine is tied to a trellis.
Until the buds have blossomed, you need to fertilize the vineyard. The variety absorbs liquid fertilizers well: mullein solution, superphosphate, ash.
In the summer, you need to pinch the vine at a height of 1.7 m.If the inflorescences are in the shade due to the leaves, then they need to be eliminated.
With a lack of pollination, grape peas are observed when the berries become very small. Therefore, the variety is additionally treated with growth stimulants.
In the future, the grapes "Aleshenkin" do not require additional feeding. After the rains, the soil is loosened. Watering is resumed in October to prepare the variety for wintering.
Bush formation
At the expense of bush formation its yield increases, and branches that no longer bear berries are eliminated. Variety "Aleshenkin" is cut in the fall, its sleeves are laid in a trench and sheltered from the cold.
When pruning, up to 16 buds are left on a branch. When forming young plants on a branch, you need to leave 4 shoots, which are tied to a wire in spring.
On the branches from which the harvest was harvested last year, 3 buds are left. If all the buds wake up in the spring, then only the lower one is left. A feature of the Aleshenkin variety is the presence of an inflorescence on the lower bud.
The buds of the "Aleshenkin" variety are laid every year, but only one inflorescence is left on the grapes to produce large bunches.
The sleeves thicken over time, making them difficult to fit for the winter. Therefore, it is recommended to form new sleeves and cut out the old ones. For uniform ripening of grapes, it is necessary to cut off the upper sections of the brush.
Prevention of diseases and pests
The Aleshenkin variety requires preventive treatment against diseases and pest attacks.
To prevent fungal diseases, the bushes are sprayed with lime and growth stimulants.The variety is notable for its low resistance to powdery mildew, so it is necessary to treat the plant with Topaz. Ridomil Gold is used to protect grapes from mildew.
"Aleshenkin" is attacked by a spider mite. It is a representative of the arachnids that lives on the underside of grape leaves and feeds on their juices. Treatment of a variety from a tick is carried out in autumn or early spring. For this, phosphamide or nitrafen is used.
The root system of the grapes is eaten by the marble beetle. You can get rid of the pest by introducing hexachlorane into the soil.
Testimonials
Conclusion
"Aleshenkin" is an unpretentious variety that can withstand winter frosts. For its planting, growers choose a sunny place next to the wall of the house or in a greenhouse. The plant requires constant care in the form of watering and the formation of bushes. Due to the average resistance to diseases and pests, prophylactic treatment of grapes is mandatory.
