Despite agricultural progress and the emergence of many modern agricultural tools and materials, most gardeners grow their vegetables in ordinary garden beds. This method is simpler, faster and does not require additional material investments.
This article will present the most productive varieties tomatoes for open ground, the specificity of such tomatoes and the technology of their cultivation are described.
What is the peculiarity of fruitful tomatoes
It is believed that with a yield tomato varieties his exactingness is also growing. That is, such tomatoes supposedly need to be fertilized more abundantly, watered more often, and more carefully protected from pests and diseases.
However, modern breeding has made great strides forward - now there is no need to choose between productivity and unpretentiousness, it is quite possible to find a variety that meets these two criteria.
Of course, bushes with many fruits ripening at the same time need more water and nutrients. But this does not mean that they will have to be watered daily and fertilized much more often. Just watering tomatoes of high-yield varieties, you need to hold the hose over the bush for a little longer than usual, and apply a slightly larger dose of fertilizer.
Even the most high-yielding tomato with late ripening periods, it simply does not have time to ripen in an open garden - before the fruits turn red, autumn frosts will come.
So, when choosing a variety for open ground, you need to focus on a tomato:
- with a short growing season;
- with good durability and ability to withstand spring and autumn frosts;
- processed against the most common diseases;
- belonging to the selection group of tomatoes bred specifically for the territory of Russia, or acclimatized foreign hybrids;
- adapted for growing in open beds.
It is believed that hybrid tomatoes are more productive. But many gardeners note the best taste in high-quality tomatoes. Therefore, you need to choose a variety based on personal preference.
"Riddle"
This hybrid is considered one of the best among early ripe tomatoes for open ground. Fruits of the correct rounded shape are colored deep red. The taste of a hybrid tomato is no worse than varietal early-ripening tomatoes.
Ripening terms of the variety early - 2.5 months after sowing the seeds, it is already possible to harvest. The weight of one fruit is approximately 150 grams. The bushes are not tall (about 45 cm), but powerful, with a lot of leaves.
There is no need to tie the bushes - the stems are thick enough to support the weight of the tomatoes. But this hybrid needs to be pinched regularly, since a lot of stepchildren appear on the bushes. If the side shoots are rooted, they will take root well and quickly. This allows you to get an additional crop of tomatoes, which will ripen a couple of weeks later than the fruits on the main plant.
You can and do not pinch bushes, then the tomatoes will be a little smaller.
"Anastasia"
These hybrid tomatoes are considered super early. The plant belongs to determinant, however, the bushes are quite tall.For higher yields, it is better to form a bush into one or two stems. It is imperative to tie up the plants.
Anastasia tomato is very fruitful - ovaries on the bushes are formed through every two leaves. Each cluster forms about 8 fruits at the same time.
Each tomato weighs about 200 grams. Fruits are red, slightly tapering downwards. The pulp is fragrant and juicy, the tomatoes are delicious. With good care, 12 kg of tomatoes can be obtained from each plant.
"Roma"
This hybrid variety belongs to the group of mid-season tomatoes. The fruits do not ripen very quickly, but the tomato has a high yield and resistance to external factors. On each brush of the plant, up to 20 tomatoes are tied at the same time.
The shape of the fruit is cream, the tomatoes are colored red. Average fruit weight - 80-100 grams. Bushes of medium height, semi-spreading, standard.
Tomatoes are firm, have a tasty and aromatic pulp. Small size and dense peel make it possible to use fruits for canning, pickling.
"Rio de Grande"
Tomatoes of this variety are universal - the fruits are tasty both fresh and in salads, suitable for canning, pickling, processing.
Bushes of medium height (about 60 cm) do not need to be tied up, which greatly simplifies the care of tomato beds.
The shape of the fruit is cream. The color is red. The tomatoes themselves are small, each weighing about 115 grams. Taste at a height, tomatoes are sweet and aromatic.
"Wonder of the World"
This variety belongs to indeterminate tomatoes, the height of which exceeds 1 meter. Gardeners call the plant a lemon-liana, because a tomato bush grows like a liana - it weaves along a support, and the fruits are yellow and look like small lemons.
The mass of each tomato is from 50 to 110 grams. The clusters growing at the top of the bush can contain up to 45 fruits in each cluster, while the lower clusters consist of a maximum of 25 tomatoes.
The main purpose of this hybrid variety is conservation and pickling.
"Tarasenko 2"
Another indeterminate variety with high yields. The fruits are colored in a red-orange hue, are distinguished by sweet pulp and dense skin. The weight of one tomato is 60-70 grams.
Each bunch ripens about 35 tomatoes, which allows you to get a good harvest from medium-sized bush. The fruits tolerate transportation well and can be stored for a long time. This makes the variety suitable for cultivation for sale.
"De Barao yellow"
A hybrid variety, the bushes of which are considered indeterminate and reach a medium height. Ripening periods are medium late - the entire growing season is about four months. This is long enough for most regions of Russia, therefore, it is recommended to grow "De-Barao yellow" outdoors only in the south of the country. IN middle lane and in the north, it is better to plant a crop in a greenhouse.
The fruits are bright orange, oval in shape, dense peel. Each tomato weighs about 60 grams. High density allows tomatoes to tolerate transportation and long-term storage well.
"Amur shtamb"
A hybrid with early ripening - 90 days after sowing the seeds for seedlings, the first ripe fruits appear.
The bushes reach a small height - a maximum of 60 cm, but at the same time a large number of fruits ripen on them. The plant can withstand low temperatures, drought, and withstand most diseases, so the yield of the Amurskiy Shtamb variety is always consistently high.
Tomatoes are small in size, the average fruit weight is about 80 grams. The shape of the fruit is round, the tomatoes are painted red. Taste characteristics are high, tomatoes of this hybrid variety are equally tasty fresh and canned.
"Present"
A mid-season variety intended for cultivation in the beds of the southern regions.But, even in the temperate zone of the center of the country, the tomato produces a high yield.
The plant is quite unpretentious: all that is needed for a tomato of the "Gift" variety is regular watering and several dressings during the growing season. Ripe tomatoes have the shape of a slightly flattened ball, painted in a bright red hue. Good taste, like most mid-ripening tomatoes.
But this can only be done in the southern regions with early spring and hot summer.
"Raspberry Giant"
This variety cannot go unnoticed. The tomato wins in several categories at once: it has an early ripening period, a large mass of fruits of excellent taste, provides high yields, and is considered one of the most unpretentious varieties for open ground.
The fruits are colored in a raspberry shade, have the shape of an oblate ball. The mass of one tomato can reach 700 grams. And each brush simultaneously contains about six fruits.
The size of the tomato does not allow it to be used for canning as a whole, but excellent salads, both fresh and canned, are obtained from tomatoes of this variety.
"Search F1"
Gardeners love these tomatoes for their simplicity and, at the same time, for extremely tasty fruits. And, of course, the variety belongs to the most productive tomatoes, providing gardeners with a sufficient number of tomatoes.
The hybrid tolerates cold weather and is immune to most diseases. The bushes are just strewn with small red fruits which are great for salting and conservation.
"Wild Rose"
The tomato is early ripe. It is considered one of the most unpretentious varieties, tolerates irregular watering well, alternating drought with high humidity. Therefore, the variety is perfect for summer residents who visit their plots only on weekends.
The fruits are medium in size, pink in color, and have a rounded shape. The taste of tomatoes is sweet and juicy, with sugar aromatic pulp. With sufficient care, more than six kilograms of tomatoes can be harvested from each bush.
"Gina"
Tomatoes of this variety can be grown in any region of the country, the composition of the soil is also not important to the tomato - it bears fruit equally well on a variety of soils.
There will be no hassle with these tomatoes: they grow well in drought conditions, a sharp change in temperature, they are not afraid of viruses and diseases.
Round fruits are colored red-orange and are considered very tasty.
"Pudovik"
Representative large-fruited tomatoes, a distinctive feature of which is the large mass of the fruit. The plant belongs to indeterminate, the height of the bush is 150 cm. About ten tomatoes are formed on one plant, the mass of which ranges from 0.2 to 1 kg.
The variety belongs to the mid-early - it takes 115 days for the fruit to fully ripen. These tomatoes can be grown in any region of Russia, even in the north, the variety shows good results.
Up to five kilograms of fruit can be removed from each bush of this tomato, and more than 17 kg from one meter of soil.
"Diabolic"
A tomato specially selected for the climatic characteristics of the temperate zone. Therefore, it tolerates local weather conditions much better than non-acclimatized Dutch varieties.
The height of the bushes reaches 120 cm, the fruits are colored red, are of medium size and rounded. A distinctive feature of the variety is the relatively low weight of the fruit. The crop can be transported over long distances, stored, canned and pickled.
The Diabolic variety has a very good ability to tolerate tomato diseases and resist viruses.
"Marmande"
This tomato variety stands out against the general background of its increased resistance to low temperatures. This quality allows you to transfer seedlings to the beds 10-14 days earlier than other varieties. Therefore, the tomato harvest will be the earliest.
Another ability of tomatoes is resistance to fungal diseases, which allows the variety to tolerate high humidity well.
The mass of fruits is quite large - about 250 grams, tomatoes are very tasty fresh and salads.
How to grow tomatoes outdoors
Growing tomatoes in garden beds is a little more difficult than growing tomatoes in closed greenhouses. This is due to the thermophilicity of the culture and the tendency of tomatoes to various fungal diseases. Tomatoes need warmth and the same level of moisture. This is difficult to achieve outdoors, as much depends on the weather conditions.
To simplify the "life" of your tomatoes and increase the yield, you must:
- Correctly calculate the time of sowing seeds for seedlings and transferring plants to the ground. Tomatoes should not be planted in the beds too early, when there is still a threat of night frosts. But too late transplantation will also have a bad effect on the yield - the last tomatoes will not have time to ripen before the onset of the autumn cold.
- For the first two weeks after transplanting tomato seedlings to the garden, it is recommended to cover the plants with foil or agrofibre at night in order to protect them from too sharp temperature changes.
- Avoid excessive moisture in the soil, this contributes to the infection of plants with fungus.
- Loosen the soil between the rows, which will help the roots to be saturated with oxygen.
- Pluck ripe fruits in a timely manner so that they do not take away strength from the bush and allow the rest of the tomatoes to develop normally.
- Treat tomatoes with special agents against pests, diseases and viruses.
- Apply top dressing several times per season.
- Tie up tall tomatoes to the supports, pinch the side shoots, controlling the thickening and shape of the bushes.
These simple rules will help increase the yield of any variety of tomatoes intended for outdoor use. Well, specially selected fruitful varieties of tomatoes for open ground, with proper care, will give unusually high yields, providing the gardener with the right amount of fresh vegetables.
