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When the seeds of thermophilic tomatoes were brought to Russia, no one could have thought that in the near future tomatoes would be grown in the beds of Siberia. But breeders do not work in vain - today there are hundreds of varieties of tomatoes that can withstand the harsh climate of the north and give an excellent harvest.
Still, tomatoes in Siberia are more often planted in hotbeds and greenhouses. This approach guarantees higher yields, reduces the risk of losses during sudden frosts and heavy rains, and facilitates plant care.
Every breeder knows that under certain conditions it is necessary to grow a special variety of tomatoes. Therefore, for planting in northern greenhouses, you should choose varieties of Siberian tomatoes.
Features of northern tomatoes
Siberian selection tomatoes for greenhouses have a number of features that allow plants to develop normally in difficult climatic conditions.
Among the essential qualities that a tomato variety for the north should have are the following:
- Early ripening... In a short summer, the tomato should have time to ripen before the onset of a cloudy and rainy autumn. The best varieties of tomatoes ripen a maximum of three months from the day the seeds are sown into the soil.
- Seedling growing... In Russia, due to the climatic features of the region, all tomatoes are grown as seedlings. And in Siberia, even more so, only mature seedlings grown in a warm room can be planted in a greenhouse.
- Minimum light-requiring... There is very little sun in Siberia, even in summer, cloudy and rainy weather prevails here. In addition, the daylight hours in the north are very short, so the plants receive the minimum dose of ultraviolet radiation.
- Cold resistance and the ability to grow in humid conditions.
- Resistance to viral pathogensin and fungal diseases.
- High yield.
- Good taste.
- Suitability of tomatoes for fresh consumption, canning and processing for juices and purees.
How to grow Siberian tomatoes
There are no special rules for caring for Siberian selection tomatoes. On the contrary, these varieties are considered the most unpretentious and resistant to external factors. Therefore, all the Siberian tomato needs is:
- timely watering;
- three times feeding with mineral fertilizers;
- tying tall tomatoes and pinching side shoots to form a bush and increase yields;
- identification and control of pests and various diseases;
- control of soil condition, moisture level in the greenhouse, pollination of flowers.
The worst enemy of tomatoes is the fungus, in order to prevent its development, it is very important to prevent waterlogging of the soil and air in the greenhouse.
Names, photos and descriptions of the best varieties of Siberian tomatoes
Choosing a variety of tomatoes, any gardener prefers fruitful, tasty and large-fruited tomatoes. As a rule, all tomatoes intended for the northern regions have large fruits and tasty pulp.
Among these tomatoes, there are varietal and hybrid varieties. The former endure the harsh climate, give very tasty and fragrant fruits, delight with stable yields. One of the bonuses of growing varietal tomatoes is the ability to save on seed. - if the owner of the site likes the ripe tomatoes, he will be able to collect seeds from them and plant them for the next season.
The hybrids are more productive, hardened from frost and disease, but with less pronounced taste. Hybrid tomatoes are usually grown in bulk for sale. But there are several very successful Siberian tomato hybrids, distinguished by an interesting taste and non-standard appearance.
"Pride of Siberia"
Probably the most famous tomato destined for the north. Tall bushes (about 150 cm) are suitable for planting in large greenhouses. Plants must be tied up, pinched regularly and formed ovaries. This tomato is not suitable for weekend residents. Although he does not need complex care, the tomato needs timely watering and a constant level of humidity in the greenhouse.
But "Pride of Siberia" firmly endures low temperatures, which allows you to remove the film shelter when the bushes get stronger and ovaries appear on them.
Ripe tomato has a round shape and a rich scarlet hue. If these tomatoes are not watered on time, the fruit may crack and deteriorate. Tomatoes are great for fresh consumption and for making sauces, juices, mashed potatoes. In general, tomatoes are not canned, since the size of the fruits is large enough.
"Budenovka"
An early ripe tomato that fully ripens in 100 days is great for growing in greenhouses. The bushes of this variety are powerful and compact, their height does not exceed 75 cm.
The fruits are of medium size, therefore they are suitable for canning and processing. To get larger tomatoes, it is recommended to leave no more than four flowers in each ovary.
The shape of the tomato resembles a heart. The tomato has a delicate pulp with a sweetish taste and pleasant aroma.
"A great warrior"
The variety is perfectly adapted to greenhouse conditions. The bushes grow up to one and a half meters, so they must be tied up and pinned. The tomato belongs to ultra early, its growing season is less than three months, which, even in a short northern summer, allows for fairly high yields.
When grown properly, a mature tomato is deep pink, ball-shaped and large in size. Observing all the growing conditions, you can count on a high yield of the "Great Warrior" tomato.
The sweet, full-bodied taste of the tomato has made it one of the most beloved and frequently grown varieties in Siberian greenhouses.
"Sensei"
Tomato bushes of this variety grow short and very strong. The culture does not require complex care, but it provides consistently high yields.
When ripe, the fruits are colored in a rich, bright crimson color. Their shape can be different - from round to slightly elongated. The peel and flesh of this tomato are very tender, so it is best to use Sensei fruit for making fresh salads.
"Alsou"
The variety can be grown in small or temporary greenhouses. Real giants grow on fairly compact bushes - the mass of fruits can reach one kilogram. Usually tomatoes of this variety weigh about 600 grams.
The shape of the tomato resembles a heart, in general, the appearance of the fruit is very similar to the common variety "Bull's Heart". The palatability is also very good: pleasant taste, rich aroma, juicy pulp and thin rind.
With proper care of the bushes, you can get an excellent harvest of top quality tomatoes. Most of all, the variety is suitable for growing in the West Siberian region.
"King of Siberia"
The weight of one tomato of this variety can even exceed 1000 grams. Such sizes do not affect the taste of tomatoes in any way - their taste is rich and very sweet, and the skin is thin and delicate.
True, the "King of Siberia" requires close attention of the owner of the greenhouse - the temperature regime and the level of humidity are very important for the tomato. If you do not follow these rules, or rarely water the tomatoes, the fruits may crack.
"Malachite Box"
This is the sort that can be called exotic. Tomatoes have a very unusual appearance and absolutely “not tomato taste”. At the same time, the variety is excellent for growing in harsh Siberia.
Ripe tomatoes are colored greenish-yellow, and their taste resembles a fragrant melon. The fruits grow quite large, their taste is very sweet, and the flesh is tender and sugary.
Of course, not everyone loves exotic, but a couple of bushes of such an unusual tomato will be the highlight of any Siberian greenhouse.
"Siberian surprise"
An early maturing variety intended for cultivation in a greenhouse. The height of the bushes exceeds 150 cm, so the stems must be tied to a trellis. It is most effective to form a bush in three stems - this way the yield will be as high as possible.
The fruits are medium in size and round in shape, colored red. In each ovary, about 10 tomatoes are simultaneously formed, tomatoes grow in bunches.
"Samokhval"
Yellow-fruited tomatoes of Siberian selection, which must be grown in greenhouse conditions. The mass of these tomatoes is about 300 grams, and their taste is quite standard, "tomato". Exotic in this variety is only the appearance with bright yellow fruits.
The bushes are tall, they will have to be tied up. If necessary, you can easily increase the size of the fruits up to 800 grams, for this you need to carefully feed the bushes and water them more often.
The variety provides consistently high yields and strong protection against most diseases.
Are greenhouse Siberian varieties suitable for the hot south
It would seem that if tomatoes can grow in the north, then the hot climate will only improve their yield and quality. However, it is not. Varieties for Siberia specially selected for these conditions, tomatoes were artificially grafted with resistance to cold, high humidity, insufficient light.
Perfectly tolerating frost and lack of light, tomatoes may not stand the heat and scorching sun rays.
If a stable harvest is important to the gardener, and not dubious experiments, you should choose a tomato variety that is suitable for your strip. As they say, to each his own!
